PMID- 34014933
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211006
LR  - 20211006
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021
TI  - Validation of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to screen for atypical social 
      behaviors in juvenile macaques.
PG  - e0235946
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0235946 [doi]
LID - e0235946
AB  - Primates form strong social bonds and depend on social relationships and networks 
      that provide shared resources and protection critical for survival. Social 
      deficits such as those present in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other 
      psychiatric disorders hinder the individual's functioning in communities. Given 
      that early diagnosis and intervention can improve outcomes and trajectories of 
      ASD, there is a great need for tools to identify early markers for 
      screening/diagnosis, and for translational animal models to uncover biological 
      mechanisms and develop treatments. One of the most widely used screening tools 
      for ASD in children is the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), a quantitative 
      measure used to identify individuals with atypical social behaviors. The SRS has 
      been adapted for use in adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)-a species very 
      close to humans in terms of social behavior, brain anatomy/connectivity and 
      development-but has not yet been validated or adapted for a necessary downward 
      extension to younger ages matching those for ASD diagnosis in children. The goal 
      of the present study was to adapt and validate the adult macaque SRS (mSRS) in 
      juvenile macaques with age equivalent to mid-childhood in humans. Expert primate 
      coders modified the mSRS to adapt it to rate atypical social behaviors in 
      juvenile macaques living in complex social groups at the Yerkes National Primate 
      Research Center. Construct and face validity of this juvenile mSRS (jmSRS) was 
      determined based on well-established and operationalized measures of social and 
      non-social behaviors in this species using traditional behavioral observations. 
      We found that the jmSRS identifies variability in social responsiveness of 
      juvenile rhesus monkeys and shows strong construct/predictive validity, as well 
      as sensitivity to detect atypical social behaviors in young male and female 
      macaques across social status. Thus, the jmSRS provides a promising tool for 
      translational research on macaque models of children social disorders.
FAU - Kovacs Balint, Z
AU  - Kovacs Balint Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8819-8183
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
FAU - Raper, J
AU  - Raper J
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Michopoulos, V
AU  - Michopoulos V
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of 
      Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
FAU - Howell, L H
AU  - Howell LH
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
FAU - Gunter, C
AU  - Gunter C
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of 
      America.
AD  - Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, United 
      States of America.
AD  - Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States 
      of America.
FAU - Bachevalier, J
AU  - Bachevalier J
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
AD  - Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Sanchez, M M
AU  - Sanchez MM
AD  - Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 
      United States of America.
AD  - Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of 
      Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
LA  - eng
GR  - P50 MH100029/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20210520
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology
MH  - Behavior Rating Scale/*standards
MH  - *Behavior, Animal
MH  - Brain/growth & development
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macaca mulatta/growth & development/*psychology
MH  - Male
MH  - *Social Behavior
MH  - Species Specificity
PMC - PMC8136728
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. C.G. contributed to 
      this article in her personal capacity. The views expressed are her own and do not 
      necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health or the 
      United States Government.
EDAT- 2021/05/21 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/07 06:00
PMCR- 2021/05/20
CRDT- 2021/05/20 18:09
PHST- 2020/07/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/20 18:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-20-19497 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0235946 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 May 20;16(5):e0235946. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235946. 
      eCollection 2021.