PMID- 34021221
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211103
LR  - 20230202
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 May 21
TI  - Network-based analysis of key regulatory genes implicated in Type 2 Diabetes 
      Mellitus and Recurrent Miscarriages in Turner Syndrome.
PG  - 10662
LID - 10.1038/s41598-021-90171-0 [doi]
LID - 10662
AB  - The information on the genotype-phenotype relationship in Turner Syndrome (TS) is 
      inadequate because very few specific candidate genes are linked to its clinical 
      features. We used the microarray data of TS to identify the key regulatory genes 
      implicated with TS through a network approach. The causative factors of two 
      common co-morbidities, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Recurrent Miscarriages 
      (RM), in the Turner population, are expected to be different from that of the 
      general population. Through microarray analysis, we identified nine signature 
      genes of T2DM and three signature genes of RM in TS. The power-law distribution 
      analysis showed that the TS network carries scale-free hierarchical fractal 
      attributes. Through local-community-paradigm (LCP) estimation we find that a 
      strong LCP is also maintained which means that networks are dynamic and 
      heterogeneous. We identified nine key regulators which serve as the backbone of 
      the TS network. Furthermore, we recognized eight interologs functional in seven 
      different organisms from lower to higher levels. Overall, these results offer few 
      key regulators and essential genes that we envisage have potential as therapeutic 
      targets for the TS in the future and the animal models studied here may prove 
      useful in the validation of such targets.
FAU - Farooqui, Anam
AU  - Farooqui A
AD  - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, 
      New Delhi, 110025, India.
FAU - Alhazmi, Alaa
AU  - Alhazmi A
AD  - Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Haque, Shafiul
AU  - Haque S
AD  - Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health 
      Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Tamkeen, Naaila
AU  - Tamkeen N
AD  - Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
FAU - Mehmankhah, Mahboubeh
AU  - Mehmankhah M
AD  - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, 
      New Delhi, 110025, India.
FAU - Tazyeen, Safia
AU  - Tazyeen S
AD  - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, 
      New Delhi, 110025, India.
FAU - Ali, Sher
AU  - Ali S
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India.
FAU - Ishrat, Romana
AU  - Ishrat R
AD  - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, 
      New Delhi, 110025, India. romana05@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210521
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Abortion, Habitual/*etiology/metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Computational Biology/methods
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*etiology/metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Gene Ontology
MH  - *Gene Regulatory Networks
MH  - *Genes, Regulator
MH  - *Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Humans
MH  - Protein Interaction Mapping
MH  - Protein Interaction Maps
MH  - Turner Syndrome/*complications/*genetics
PMC - PMC8140125
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/05/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/04 06:00
PMCR- 2021/05/21
CRDT- 2021/05/22 05:59
PHST- 2021/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/22 05:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-90171-0 [pii]
AID - 90171 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-90171-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2021 May 21;11(1):10662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90171-0.