PMID- 3402544
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19880915
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 0950-2688 (Print)
IS  - 0950-2688 (Linking)
VI  - 101
IP  - 1
DP  - 1988 Aug
TI  - Prospective study of diarrhoeal disease in a cohort of rural Mexican children: 
      incidence and isolated pathogens during the first two years of life.
PG  - 123-34
AB  - Colonization of the intestine by putative pathogens was followed longitudinally 
      in a cohort of 56 infants born during one calendar year in a rural Mexican 
      village with faecal cultures taken every fortnight and every time a child had 
      diarrhoea. The frequency of isolation of pathogens during episodes of diarrhoea 
      was compared with that of matched controls from the same cohort. Incidence of 
      diarrhoea during the first year of life was 98%, diminishing to 93% during the 
      second year. The incidence curves for each year were not significantly different 
      (P greater than 0.1). Isolation of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, 
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli producing heat-stable (ST) and/or heat-labile 
      (LT) enterotoxins and rotaviruses was significantly higher in infants with 
      diarrhoea during the first 2 years of life. In the case of shigella, although no 
      significant differences were found by semester of life, 13 of 16 children in 
      which these strains were found had diarrhoea. Isolation of Salmonella spp., 
      Campylobacter spp. and protozoa were not significantly different in the two 
      groups during the period studied. Strains showing localized adherence to HEp-2 
      cells or the presence of colonization factor antigens I or E8775 were found with 
      significantly higher frequency in children with diarrhoea. Eighty-two percent of 
      ST+ or LT+ ETEC strains isolated produced one of the three known colonization 
      factors.
FAU - Cravioto, A
AU  - Cravioto A
AD  - Programme for Research in New Immunizing Agents, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias y 
      Tecnologia-DIF, Tlalpan, D.F., Mexico.
FAU - Reyes, R E
AU  - Reyes RE
FAU - Ortega, R
AU  - Ortega R
FAU - Fernandez, G
AU  - Fernandez G
FAU - Hernandez, R
AU  - Hernandez R
FAU - Lopez, D
AU  - Lopez D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Epidemiol Infect
JT  - Epidemiology and infection
JID - 8703737
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacterial Infections/*epidemiology
MH  - Diarrhea, Infantile/*epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Male
MH  - Mexico
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Protozoan Infections/*epidemiology
MH  - Rotavirus Infections/*epidemiology
MH  - Rural Population
PMC - PMC2249328
OID - PIP: 057049
OID - POP: 00187019
OAB - The incidence of diarrhea in the 1st 2 years of life and the pathogens isolated 
      during these episodes were investigated in a longitudinal cohort study of the 56 
      infants born in March 1982-March 1983 in the rural Mexican Village of Stone 
      Houses. Fecal cultures were taken every fortnight and at each episode of 
      diarrhea. Overall, the incidence of diarrhea was 98% during the 1st year of life 
      and 93% during the 2nd year. The average number of episodes of diarrhea per child 
      was 3 during both years analyzed. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and 
      enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) strains, along with rotaviruses and possibly 
      shigella, were associated with 75% of cases of diarrhea in these children. With 
      the exception of ETEC strains producing both heat-stable (HT) and heat-labile 
      (LT) enterotoxins and rotaviruses, the frequency of isolation of other pathogens 
      differed significantly by age group. While LT-producing ETEC strains were found 
      throughout the 1st 2 years of life in both cases and controls, EPEC strains were 
      only found in children under 18 months of age and always more frequently in those 
      with diarrhea. Strains showing localized adherence to HEp-2 cells or the presence 
      of colonization factor antigens I or E8775 were found with significantly higher 
      frequency in children with diarrhea. 82% of ST+ or LT+ ETEC strains isolated 
      produced 1 of the 3 known colonization factors. The results of this investigation 
      can be used to develop a more appropriate biological approach to the prevention 
      of childhood diarrheal disease. While vaccines against EPEC and ETEC should be 
      administered during the 1st months of life or perhaps through the breast milk of 
      immunized mothers, a rotavirus vaccine could be given at a later age.
OABL- eng
OTO - PIP
OT  - *Age Factors
OT  - Americas
OT  - Biology
OT  - *Child
OT  - *Cohort Analysis
OT  - Demographic Factors
OT  - Developing Countries
OT  - *Diarrhea
OT  - *Diarrhea, Infantile--etiology
OT  - Diseases
OT  - *Gastrointestinal Effects
OT  - *Incidence
OT  - Latin America
OT  - *Longitudinal Studies
OT  - Measurement
OT  - Mexico
OT  - North America
OT  - Physiology
OT  - Population
OT  - Population Characteristics
OT  - Research Methodology
OT  - *Rural Population
OT  - Studies
OT  - Youth
EDAT- 1988/08/01 00:00
MHDA- 1988/08/01 00:01
PMCR- 1989/08/01
CRDT- 1988/08/01 00:00
PHST- 1988/08/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1988/08/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1988/08/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1989/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1017/s0950268800029289 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Epidemiol Infect. 1988 Aug;101(1):123-34. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800029289.