PMID- 34049473
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211015
LR  - 20211015
IS  - 1793-6853 (Electronic)
IS  - 0192-415X (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021
TI  - Ginsenoside Rh1 Improves Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy through 
      AMPK/PI3K/Akt-Mediated Inflammation and Apoptosis Signaling Pathway.
PG  - 1215-1233
LID - 10.1142/S0192415X21500580 [doi]
AB  - Although ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has received extensive attention in 
      the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the past few 
      decades, there are few studies on the complications of T2DM. At present, 
      obesity-linked diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the most prevailing element 
      of the end-stage renal failure in the world. The aim of this work is to evaluate 
      the ameliorative effects of ginsenoside Rh1 (G-Rh1) on DN induced by high fat 
      diet plus streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) through some potential and combined mechanisms 
      of action. The results showed that G-Rh1 treatment at 5 and 10 mg/kg for 8 weeks 
      exerted excellent effects in controlling fasting blood glucose (FBG), improving 
      glucose tolerance, and increasing insulin level. In addition, G-Rh1 effectively 
      prevents the excessive production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a 
      diabetic nephropathy marker, in HFD/STZ induced DN mice. Meanwhile, oxidation 
      indicators including SOD, GSH, and MDA were improved by G-Rh1 treatment to 
      varying degrees. It is worth noting that G-Rh1 not only inhibits the secretion of 
      Nox1 and Nox4 in kidney tissues, but also has an inhibitory effect on 
      inflammatory factors and NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway. Importantly, 
      further in-depth research on molecular mechanisms provides vital evidence that 
      the ameliorative effect of G-Rh1 on DN is related to the inhibition of apoptosis 
      and the AMPK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In summary, G-Rh1 may be of great value 
      in improving the treatment of DN although more experimental data is needed.
FAU - Su, Wen-Ya
AU  - Su WY
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Li, Ying
AU  - Li Y
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Chen, Xuan
AU  - Chen X
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Li, Xin
AU  - Li X
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Wei, Heng
AU  - Wei H
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Liu, Zhi
AU  - Liu Z
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
AD  - National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and 
      Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Shen, Qiong
AU  - Shen Q
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Chen, Chen
AU  - Chen C
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, 
      Australia.
FAU - Wang, Ying-Ping
AU  - Wang YP
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
AD  - National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and 
      Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.
FAU - Li, Wei
AU  - Li W
AD  - College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 
      130118, P. R. China.
AD  - National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and 
      Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210527
PL  - Singapore
TA  - Am J Chin Med
JT  - The American journal of Chinese medicine
JID - 7901431
RN  - 0 (Ginsenosides)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 5W494URQ81 (Streptozocin)
RN  - 63223-86-9 (ginsenoside Rh1)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.31 (AMP-Activated Protein Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
MH  - Diabetic Nephropathies/*drug therapy
MH  - Diet, High-Fat
MH  - Ginsenosides/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Inflammation/*drug therapy
MH  - Inflammation Mediators
MH  - Mice
MH  - Molecular Structure
MH  - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/*metabolism
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/*metabolism
MH  - Streptozocin
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMPK/PI3K/Akt
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Diabetic Nephropathy
OT  - G-Rh1
OT  - NF-[Formula: see text]B
OT  - TNF-[Formula: see text]
EDAT- 2021/05/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/16 06:00
CRDT- 2021/05/29 05:24
PHST- 2021/05/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/29 05:24 [entrez]
AID - 10.1142/S0192415X21500580 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Chin Med. 2021;49(5):1215-1233. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X21500580. Epub 2021 
      May 27.