PMID- 34055144
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210601
IS  - 1939-795X (Print)
IS  - 1939-795X (Electronic)
IS  - 1939-795X (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021
TI  - Biomechanical Differences Between the Bulgarian Split-Squat and Back Squat.
PG  - 533-543
AB  - The Bulgarian split squat (BSS) is a unilateral lower extremity strength 
      exercise; however, the mechanical demands have not been fully elucidated. The 
      purpose of this study was to compare ankle, knee, and hip joint net joint moment 
      impulse (NJMI), work (NJW), peak net joint moment (NJM) and peak displacement 
      between the BSS and traditional bilateral back squat (BS). Following a practice 
      and 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) session, 2x3 BS (70% 1-RM) and BSS (35% 1-RM) 
      were completed by twenty resistance trained males (24.20 +/- 2.50 yrs, 1.76 +/- 
      0.06m, 85.3 +/- 13.90 kg). Significant squat type x joint interactions were 
      revealed for NJMI (p < 0.001), NJW (p < 0.001), peak NJM (p < 0.001), and peak 
      displacement (p = 0.011). For both squats, hip NJMI, NJW, and peak NJM was 
      significantly greater than both ankle (d = 5.50-9.40) and knee (d = 7.50-8.50). 
      While knee NJMI (d = 2.80) and peak NJM (d = 2.10) during the BSS was 
      statistically less compared to ankle, during BS knee NJMI was statistically 
      greater than ankle (d = 3.00). Ankle and knee NJW were statistically similar 
      during BSS (d = 0.30), whereas knee NJW was statistically greater than ankle 
      during BS (d = 3.20). Comparing between squat types within each joint 
      demonstrated statistically equal peak displacement for the ankle (d = 0.14) and 
      hip (d = 0.11), whereas knee joint peak displacement was significantly less for 
      the BSS compared to BS (d = 0.82). Both the BSS and BS are hip dominant 
      exercises. The BSS may best be used in circumstances to focus on hip extension 
      while minimizing the knee joint demands, such as the early phases of knee 
      rehabilitation or when addressing isolated hip extension deficiencies.
FAU - Mackey, Ethan R
AU  - Mackey ER
AD  - Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and 
      Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA.
FAU - Riemann, Bryan L
AU  - Riemann BL
AD  - Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and 
      Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210401
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Exerc Sci
JT  - International journal of exercise science
JID - 101513127
PMC - PMC8136570
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Unilateral
OT  - bilateral
OT  - impulse
OT  - kinematics
OT  - kinetics
OT  - work
EDAT- 2021/06/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/01 06:01
PMCR- 2021/04/01
CRDT- 2021/05/31 06:11
PHST- 2021/05/31 06:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijes-14-1-533 [pii]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Exerc Sci. 2021 Apr 1;14(1):533-543. eCollection 2021.