PMID- 34063109
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210720
LR  - 20210720
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 May 5
TI  - Role of High Energy Breakfast "Big Breakfast Diet" in Clock Gene Regulation of 
      Postprandial Hyperglycemia and Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes.
LID - 10.3390/nu13051558 [doi]
LID - 1558
AB  - Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is strongly linked with the future development 
      of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Hence, reducing 
      postprandial glycemic excursions is essential in T2D treatment to slow 
      progressive deficiency of beta-cell function and prevent cardiovascular 
      complications. Most of the metabolic processes involved in PPHG, i.e., beta-cell 
      secretory function, GLP-1 secretion, insulin sensitivity, muscular glucose 
      uptake, and hepatic glucose production, are controlled by the circadian clock and 
      display daily oscillation. Consequently, postprandial glycemia displays diurnal 
      variation with a higher glycemic response after meals with the same carbohydrate 
      content, consumed at dusk compared to the morning. T2D and meal timing schedule 
      not synchronized with the circadian clock (i.e., skipping breakfast) are 
      associated with disrupted clock gene expression and is linked to PPHG. In 
      contrast, greater intake in the morning (i.e., high energy breakfast) than in the 
      evening has a resetting effect on clock gene oscillations and beneficial effects 
      on weight loss, appetite, and reduction of PPHG, independently of total energy 
      intake. Therefore, resetting clock gene expression through a diet intervention 
      consisting of meal timing aligned to the circadian clock, i.e., shifting most 
      calories and carbohydrates to the early hours of the day, is a promising 
      therapeutic approach to improve PPHG in T2D. This review will focus on recent 
      studies, showing how a high-energy breakfast diet (Bdiet) has resetting and 
      synchronizing actions on circadian clock genes expression, improving glucose 
      metabolism, postprandial glycemic excursions along with weight loss in T2D.
FAU - Jakubowicz, Daniela
AU  - Jakubowicz D
AD  - Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv 
      University, Holon 58100, Israel.
FAU - Wainstein, Julio
AU  - Wainstein J
AD  - Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv 
      University, Holon 58100, Israel.
FAU - Tsameret, Shani
AU  - Tsameret S
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith 
      Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 
      Rehovot 76000, Israel.
FAU - Landau, Zohar
AU  - Landau Z
AD  - Pediatric Division, Barzilai Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, 
      Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84000, Israel.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210505
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Appetite/physiology
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Breakfast/*physiology
MH  - Circadian Clocks/physiology
MH  - Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*diet therapy/physiopathology
MH  - Diet, Diabetic/*methods
MH  - Energy Intake/*physiology
MH  - Feeding Behavior/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperglycemia
MH  - Meals/physiology
MH  - Postprandial Period/physiology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Weight Loss/physiology
PMC - PMC8148179
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PPHG 4
OT  - T2D 5
OT  - big breakfast 3
OT  - circadian rhythms
OT  - clock genes 2
COIS- The authors have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/21 06:00
PMCR- 2021/05/05
CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:05
PHST- 2021/04/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/02 01:05 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu13051558 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-01558 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13051558 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2021 May 5;13(5):1558. doi: 10.3390/nu13051558.