PMID- 34064496
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210720
LR  - 20210720
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 May 4
TI  - Tropical Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of 
      Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses.
LID - 10.3390/nu13051549 [doi]
LID - 1549
AB  - The health effects of saturated fat, particularly tropical oil, on cardiovascular 
      disease are unclear. We investigated the effect of tropical oil (palm and coconut 
      oils), lard, and other common vegetable oils (soybean and rice bran oils) that 
      are widely used in tropical and Asian countries on lipid profiles. We performed 
      an umbrella review of meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Electronic databases 
      (Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane) were searched up to December 2018 without 
      language restriction. We identified nine meta-analyses that investigated the 
      effect of dietary oils on lipid levels. Replacement of polyunsaturated 
      fatty-acid-rich oils (PUFAs) and monounsaturated FA-rich oils (MUFAs) with palm 
      oil significantly increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), by 3.43 
      (0.44-6.41) mg/dL and 9.18 (6.90-11.45) mg/dL, respectively, and high-density 
      lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), by 1.89 (1.23-2.55) mg/dL and 0.94 (-0.07-1.97) 
      mg/dL, respectively. Replacement of PUFAs with coconut oil significantly 
      increased HDL-c and total cholesterol -by 2.27 (0.93-3.6) mg/dL and 5.88 
      (0.21-11.55) mg/dL, respectively-but not LDL-c. Substituting lard for MUFAs and 
      PUFAs increased LDL-c-by 8.39 (2.83-13.95) mg/dL and 9.85 (6.06-13.65) mg/dL, 
      respectively-but not HDL-c. Soybean oil substituted for other PUFAs had no effect 
      on lipid levels, while rice bran oil substitution decreased LDL-c. Our findings 
      show the deleterious effect of saturated fats from animal sources on lipid 
      profiles. Replacement of unsaturated plant-derived fats with plant-derived 
      saturated fats slightly increases LDL-c but also increases HDL-c, which in turn 
      may exert a neutral effect on cardiovascular health.
FAU - Unhapipatpong, Chanita
AU  - Unhapipatpong C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1525-5615
AD  - Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty 
      of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Shantavasinkul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai
AU  - Shantavasinkul PC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9110-3245
AD  - Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty 
      of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
AD  - Graduate Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol 
      University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Kasemsup, Vijj
AU  - Kasemsup V
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, 
      Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Siriyotha, Sukanya
AU  - Siriyotha S
AD  - Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine 
      Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Warodomwichit, Daruneewan
AU  - Warodomwichit D
AD  - Division of Nutrition and Biochemical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty 
      of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Maneesuwannarat, Sirikan
AU  - Maneesuwannarat S
AD  - Fat Consumption Project, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol 
      University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Vathesatogkit, Prin
AU  - Vathesatogkit P
AD  - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi 
      Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Sritara, Piyamitr
AU  - Sritara P
AD  - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi 
      Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
FAU - Thakkinstian, Ammarin
AU  - Thakkinstian A
AD  - Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine 
      Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
LA  - eng
GR  - not available/Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Thailand./
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210504
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL)
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, LDL)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats, Unsaturated)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids)
RN  - 0 (Plant Oils)
RN  - 5QUO05548Z (Palm Oil)
RN  - 8001-22-7 (Soybean Oil)
RN  - LZO6K1506A (Rice Bran Oil)
RN  - Q9L0O73W7L (Coconut Oil)
RN  - SI6O3IW77Z (lard)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Asia
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/*etiology
MH  - Cholesterol, HDL/blood
MH  - Cholesterol, LDL/blood
MH  - Coconut Oil/*pharmacology
MH  - Diet/adverse effects
MH  - Dietary Fats/pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/*pharmacology
MH  - Eating/physiology
MH  - Fatty Acids/*pharmacology
MH  - Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - Humans
MH  - Meta-Analysis as Topic
MH  - Palm Oil/*pharmacology
MH  - Plant Oils/pharmacology
MH  - Rice Bran Oil/pharmacology
MH  - Soybean Oil/pharmacology
MH  - Systematic Reviews as Topic
MH  - Tropical Climate
PMC - PMC8148021
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cardiovascular disease
OT  - coconut oil
OT  - lard
OT  - lipid
OT  - palm oil
OT  - rice bran oil
OT  - soybean oil
OT  - tropical oil
OT  - vegetable oil
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/21 06:00
PMCR- 2021/05/04
CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:10
PHST- 2021/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/02 01:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu13051549 [pii]
AID - nutrients-13-01549 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu13051549 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2021 May 4;13(5):1549. doi: 10.3390/nu13051549.