PMID- 34065026
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210615
IS  - 2079-4991 (Print)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 May 11
TI  - Contribution of Nano-Zero-Valent Iron and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to 
      Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil.
LID - 10.3390/nano11051264 [doi]
LID - 1264
AB  - Soil pollution with heavy metals has attracted increasing concern, which calls 
      for the development of new remediation strategies. The combination of physical, 
      chemical, and biological techniques can achieve more efficient remediation. 
      However, few studies have focused on whether nanomaterials and beneficial 
      microbes can be jointly used to facilitate phytoremediation. Therefore, we 
      studied the role of nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) 
      fungi in the phytoremediation of an acidic soil polluted with Cd, Pb and Zn, 
      using sweet sorghum. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray 
      spectroscopy (EDS), and mapping analyses were conducted to explore the mechanisms 
      of metal immobilization by nZVI. The results showed that although both bare nZVI 
      (B-nZVI) and starch-stabilized nZVI (S-nZVI) inhibited root mycorrhizal 
      colonization, Acaulospora mellea ZZ successfully colonized the plant roots. AM 
      inoculation significantly reduced the concentrations of DTPA-Cd, -Pb, and -Zn in 
      soil, and the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in plants, indicating that AM 
      fungi substantially facilitated heavy metal immobilization. Both B-nZVI and 
      S-nZVI, ranging from 50 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg, did not impede plant growth, and 
      generally enhanced the phytoextraction of heavy metals. XRD, EDS and mapping 
      analyses showed that S-nZVI was more susceptible to oxidation than B-nZVI, and 
      thus had more effective immobilization effects on heavy metals. Low 
      concentrations of nZVI (e.g., 100 mg/kg) and AM inoculation had synergistic 
      effects on heavy metal immobilization, reducing the concentrations of Pb and Cd 
      in roots and enhancing root Zn accumulation. In conclusion, our results showed 
      that AM inoculation was effective in immobilizing heavy metals, whereas nZVI had 
      a low phytotoxicity, and they could jointly contribute to the phytoremediation of 
      heavy metal-contaminated soils with sweet sorghum.
FAU - Cheng, Peng
AU  - Cheng P
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Zhang, Shuqi
AU  - Zhang S
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Wang, Quanlong
AU  - Wang Q
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Feng, Xueying
AU  - Feng X
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Zhang, Shuwu
AU  - Zhang S
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Sun, Yuhuan
AU  - Sun Y
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
FAU - Wang, Fayuan
AU  - Wang F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1345-256X
AD  - College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and 
      Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 20-3-4-29-nsh/Special Funds for the Science and Technology Program of Public 
      Wellbeing/
GR  - 2019GSF109008/Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210511
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nanomaterials (Basel)
JT  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101610216
PMC - PMC8151622
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus
OT  - heavy metals
OT  - nanoremediation
OT  - phytoremediation
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the 
      design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in 
      the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/03 06:01
PMCR- 2021/05/11
CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:11
PHST- 2021/03/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/02 01:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nano11051264 [pii]
AID - nanomaterials-11-01264 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nano11051264 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 May 11;11(5):1264. doi: 10.3390/nano11051264.