PMID- 34067189 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210615 IS - 2076-3425 (Print) IS - 2076-3425 (Electronic) IS - 2076-3425 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May 7 TI - Time-Frequency Characterization of Resting Brain in Bipolar Disorder during Euthymia-A Preliminary Study. LID - 10.3390/brainsci11050599 [doi] LID - 599 AB - The goal of this paper is to investigate the baseline brain activity in euthymic bipolar disorder (BD) patients by comparing it to healthy controls (HC) with the use of a variety of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) analyses, such as amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF (f/ALFF), ALFF-based functional connectivity (FC), and r egional homogeneity (ReHo). We hypothesize that above-mentioned techniques will differentiate BD from HC indicating dissimilarities between the groups within different brain structures. Forty-two participants divided into two groups of euthymic BD patients (n = 21) and HC (n = 21) underwent rs-fMRI evaluation. Typical band ALFF, slow-4, slow-5, f/ALFF, as well as ReHo indexes were analyzed. Regions with altered ALFF were chosen as ROI for seed-to-voxel analysis of FC. As opposed to HC, BD patients revealed: increased ALFF in left insula; increased slow-5 in left middle temporal pole; increased f/ALFF in left superior frontal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, right putamen, and bilateral thalamus. There were no significant differences between BD and HC groups in slow-4 band. Compared to HC, the BD group presented higher ReHo values in the left superior medial frontal gyrus and lower ReHo values in the right supplementary motor area. FC analysis revealed significant hyper-connectivity within the BD group between left insula and bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right superior parietal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, left inferior parietal gyrus, left cerebellum, and left supplementary motor area. To our best knowledge, this is the first rs-fMRI study combining ReHo, ALFF, f/ALFF, and subdivided frequency bands (slow-4 and slow-5) in euthymic BD patients. ALFF, f/ALFF, slow-5, as well as REHO analysis revealed significant differences between two studied groups. Although results obtained with the above methods enable to identify group-specific brain structures, no overlap between the brain regions was detected. This indicates that combination of foregoing rs-fMRI methods may complement each other, revealing the bigger picture of the complex resting state abnormalities in BD. FAU - Chrobak, Adrian Andrzej AU - Chrobak AA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2107-9980 AD - Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Bohaterewicz, Bartosz AU - Bohaterewicz B AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2216-5888 AD - Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis and Psychometrics, Faculty of Psychology in Warsaw, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Chodakowska st. 19/31, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland. AD - Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza st. 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Sobczak, Anna Maria AU - Sobczak AM AD - Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza st. 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Marszal-Wisniewska, Magdalena AU - Marszal-Wisniewska M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1423-3660 AD - Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis and Psychometrics, Faculty of Psychology in Warsaw, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Chodakowska st. 19/31, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland. FAU - Tereszko, Anna AU - Tereszko A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1881-6297 AD - Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Krupa, Anna AU - Krupa A AD - Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Ceglarek, Anna AU - Ceglarek A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5012-260X AD - Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza st. 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Fafrowicz, Magdalena AU - Fafrowicz M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0726-5795 AD - Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza st. 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland. AD - Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Neuroimaging Group, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa st. 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Bryll, Amira AU - Bryll A AD - Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 19, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Marek, Tadeusz AU - Marek T AD - Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza st. 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Dudek, Dominika AU - Dudek D AD - Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. FAU - Siwek, Marcin AU - Siwek M AD - Department of Affective Disorders, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika st. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. LA - eng GR - "Diamond Grant" (0112/DIA/2015/44)/Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Republic of Poland./ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210507 PL - Switzerland TA - Brain Sci JT - Brain sciences JID - 101598646 PMC - PMC8150994 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALFF OT - ReHo OT - affective disorders OT - f/ALFF OT - functional connectivity OT - insula COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/03 06:01 PMCR- 2021/05/07 CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:18 PHST- 2021/03/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/05/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/06/02 01:18 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/03 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - brainsci11050599 [pii] AID - brainsci-11-00599 [pii] AID - 10.3390/brainsci11050599 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Brain Sci. 2021 May 7;11(5):599. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11050599.