PMID- 34067222
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210615
IS  - 2076-3921 (Print)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 May 7
TI  - Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid on Human Sperm: In Vitro Studies and 
      Frozen-Thawed Protocol.
LID - 10.3390/antiox10050744 [doi]
LID - 744
AB  - The study evaluated the chlorogenic acid (CGA) antioxidant potential on oxidative 
      stress (OS) induced in vitro in human spermatozoa and during cryopreservation 
      procedure. Swim-up selected spermatozoa were treated with 100 microM CGA, 100 microM 
      H(2)O(2) to induce lipid peroxidation (LPO), and with both compounds and the 
      effects on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by JC-1, DNA integrity by 
      acridine orange (AO), and sperm ultrastructure by transmission electron 
      microscopy (TEM), were evaluated. CGA antioxidant activity was assessed by 
      measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and F(2)-isoprostanes (F(2)-IsoPs) in the media. 
      The CGA protective activity and the immunolocalization of Phospho-AMPKalpha (Thr172) 
      were explored in frozen-thawed sperm. CGA was not toxic for sperm motility, DNA 
      integrity and MMP. The increase in MDA (p < 0.05) and F(2)-IsoPs (p < 0.001), DNA 
      damage (p < 0.01) and low MMP (p < 0.01) levels after H(2)O(2) treatment were 
      reduced in presence of CGA as well as the percentage of broken plasma membranes 
      (p < 0.01) and altered acrosomes (p < 0.01) detected by TEM. Treated 
      frozen-thawed spermatozoa showed increased sperm motility (p < 0.01), DNA 
      integrity (p < 0.01), MMP (p < 0.01), reduced MDA (p < 0.01) and increased sperm 
      percentage with Phospho-AMPKalpha labelling in the head (p < 0.001). CGA can be used 
      to supplement culture media during semen handling and cryopreservation where OS 
      is exacerbated.
FAU - Noto, Daria
AU  - Noto D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1571-9056
AD  - Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 
      Siena, Italy.
FAU - Collodel, Giulia
AU  - Collodel G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1587-0159
AD  - Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 
      Siena, Italy.
FAU - Cerretani, Daniela
AU  - Cerretani D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9498-1644
AD  - Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 
      Siena, Italy.
FAU - Signorini, Cinzia
AU  - Signorini C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0006-9414
AD  - Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 
      Siena, Italy.
FAU - Gambera, Laura
AU  - Gambera L
AD  - Fertility Center, AGI Medica, 53100 Siena, Italy.
FAU - Menchiari, Andrea
AU  - Menchiari A
AD  - Department of Business and Law, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
FAU - Moretti, Elena
AU  - Moretti E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9467-0501
AD  - Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 
      Siena, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210507
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antioxidants (Basel)
JT  - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101668981
PMC - PMC8150895
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AMPK
OT  - DNA integrity
OT  - MDA
OT  - TEM
OT  - chlorogenic acid
OT  - cryopreservation
OT  - human sperm
OT  - isoprostanes
OT  - membrane mitochondrial potential
OT  - oxidative stress
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/03 06:01
PMCR- 2021/05/07
CRDT- 2021/06/02 01:18
PHST- 2021/04/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/02 01:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antiox10050744 [pii]
AID - antioxidants-10-00744 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antiox10050744 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 May 7;10(5):744. doi: 10.3390/antiox10050744.