PMID- 34076673
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211116
LR  - 20220131
IS  - 1945-7197 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-972X (Print)
IS  - 0021-972X (Linking)
VI  - 106
IP  - 10
DP  - 2021 Sep 27
TI  - Associations Between Fruit Intake and Risk of Diabetes in the AusDiab Cohort.
PG  - e4097-e4108
LID - 10.1210/clinem/dgab335 [doi]
AB  - CONTEXT: Fruit, but not fruit juice, intake is inversely associated with type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, questions remain about the mechanisms by which 
      fruits may confer protection. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this work were to examine 
      associations between intake of fruit types and 1) measures of glucose tolerance 
      and insulin sensitivity and 2) diabetes at follow-up. METHODS: Among participants 
      of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, fruit and fruit juice 
      intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Associations 
      between fruit and fruit juice intake and 1) fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour 
      postload plasma glucose, updated homeostasis model assessment of insulin 
      resistance of beta-cell function (HOMA2-%beta), HOMA2 of insulin sensitivity 
      (HOMA2-%S), and fasting insulin levels at baseline and 2) the presence of 
      diabetes at follow-up (5 and 12 years) were assessed using restricted cubic 
      splines in logistic and linear regression models. RESULTS: This population of 
      7675 Australians (45% males) had a mean +/- SD age of 54 +/- 12 years at baseline. 
      Total fruit intake was inversely associated with serum insulin and HOMA2-%beta, and 
      positively associated with HOMA2-%S at baseline. Compared to participants with 
      the lowest intakes (quartile 1), participants with moderate total fruit intakes 
      (quartile 3) had 36% lower odds of having diabetes at 5 years (odds ratio, 0.64; 
      95% CI, 0.44-0.92), after adjusting for dietary and lifestyle confounders. 
      Associations with 12-year outcomes were not statistically significant. 
      CONCLUSION: A healthy diet including whole fruits, but not fruit juice, may play 
      a role in mitigating T2DM risk.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the 
      Endocrine Society.
FAU - Bondonno, Nicola P
AU  - Bondonno NP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5905-444X
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth 
      Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia.
FAU - Davey, Raymond J
AU  - Davey RJ
AD  - School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6102, Australia.
FAU - Murray, Kevin
AU  - Murray K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8856-6046
AD  - School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6009, Australia.
FAU - Radavelli-Bagatini, Simone
AU  - Radavelli-Bagatini S
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
FAU - Bondonno, Catherine P
AU  - Bondonno CP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8509-439X
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6000, Australia.
FAU - Blekkenhorst, Lauren C
AU  - Blekkenhorst LC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1561-9052
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6000, Australia.
FAU - Sim, Marc
AU  - Sim M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5166-0605
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6000, Australia.
FAU - Magliano, Dianna J
AU  - Magliano DJ
AD  - Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (HDI), Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
FAU - Daly, Robin M
AU  - Daly RM
AD  - Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition 
      Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3125, Australia.
FAU - Shaw, Jonathan E
AU  - Shaw JE
AD  - Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (HDI), Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 
      3004, Australia.
FAU - Lewis, Joshua R
AU  - Lewis JR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1003-8443
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6000, Australia.
FAU - Hodgson, Jonathan M
AU  - Hodgson JM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6184-7764
AD  - School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western 
      Australia 6027, Australia.
AD  - Medical School, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, 
      Western Australia 6000, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab
JT  - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 0375362
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
SB  - IM
CIN - J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Oct;12(10):1759-1761. PMID: 34318628
MH  - Adult
MH  - Australia/epidemiology
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology/*etiology/prevention & control
MH  - Diet/adverse effects
MH  - Diet Surveys
MH  - Diet, Healthy/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Eating
MH  - Fasting/blood
MH  - Female
MH  - *Fruit
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Life Style
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC8475213
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2-hour postload plasma glucose
OT  - HOMA2 of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S)
OT  - HOMA2 of beta-cell function (HOMA2-%beta)
OT  - fasting insulin levels
OT  - fasting plasma glucose
EDAT- 2021/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/17 06:00
PMCR- 2021/06/02
CRDT- 2021/06/02 12:20
PHST- 2020/11/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/02 12:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 6290732 [pii]
AID - dgab335 [pii]
AID - 10.1210/clinem/dgab335 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Sep 27;106(10):e4097-e4108. doi: 
      10.1210/clinem/dgab335.