PMID- 34102303
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210917
LR  - 20210917
IS  - 1534-4436 (Electronic)
IS  - 1081-1206 (Linking)
VI  - 127
IP  - 3
DP  - 2021 Sep
TI  - Do germinal centers protect most of us from becoming allergic?
PG  - 301-305
LID - S1081-1206(21)00421-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.anai.2021.06.002 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To review the literature and discuss a hypothesis as to why most 
      people do not have allergy. This hypothesis is dependent on the following 3 main 
      components: (1) airborne allergens (eg, from pollen or mites) are weak antigens 
      that induce a B-cell response only in immunologically most reactive subjects (ie, 
      with atopy); (2) a roadblock to production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the T 
      helper 2/interleukin 4 requirement for class switch to IgE; (3) activated 
      germinal centers prevent the formation of mature IgE-switched B-cells, creating a 
      second roadblock to IgE production. DATA SOURCES: Transgenic reporter mice and a 
      cross-sectional human cohort. STUDY SELECTIONS: From the mouse studies, we 
      selected the data on histology and tissue-derived cell suspensions published by 
      several groups in 2011 to 2014. From the human cohort, we selected our published 
      microarray data on the levels of allergen-specific IgE and IgG in serum. RESULTS: 
      The immune response to airborne atopic allergens entails both IgE and IgG 
      antibodies rather than just an IgG or IgE response. However, as expected for an 
      immune response without mature germinal centers, the specific IgG levels will be 
      very low, typically in the ng/ml range. CONCLUSION: Control of IgE production is 
      not just through the T helper 2/interleukin 4-mediated class switch. Recent 
      studies suggest that mature germinal centers are likely to provide protection 
      against the development of allergy to airborne allergens, as well. This may 
      explain why allergen exposure does not induce allergen-specific IgE in everyone.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by 
      Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Aalberse, Rob C
AU  - Aalberse RC
AD  - Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 
      Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 
      Electronic address: r.aalberse@gmail.com.
FAU - Hoekzema, Rick
AU  - Hoekzema R
AD  - Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Grayson, Mitchell H
AU  - Grayson MH
AD  - Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide 
      Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, 
      Ohio; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, the Abigail Wexner Research 
      Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210605
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
JT  - Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American 
      College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
JID - 9503580
RN  - 0 (Antigens)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigens/immunology
MH  - B-Lymphocytes/immunology
MH  - Germinal Center/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/*immunology
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/immunology
EDAT- 2021/06/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/18 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/08 20:20
PHST- 2021/04/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/08 20:20 [entrez]
AID - S1081-1206(21)00421-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.anai.2021.06.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Sep;127(3):301-305. doi: 
      10.1016/j.anai.2021.06.002. Epub 2021 Jun 5.