PMID- 34116931
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220305
IS  - 2531-1387 (Electronic)
IS  - 2531-1379 (Print)
IS  - 2531-1379 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Jan-Mar
TI  - Smudge cells percentage on blood smear is a reliable prognostic marker in chronic 
      lymphocytic leukemia.
PG  - 63-69
LID - S2531-1379(21)00075-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.htct.2021.04.002 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the relevance of using the smudge cell percentage in the 
      blood smear as a prognostic marker in CLL. METHODS: In this prospective study, 42 
      untreated Senegalese patients with CLL were enrolled. The diagnosis was 
      established, based on the peripheral blood count and flow cytometry using the 
      Matutes score. Cytogenetic aberrations, assessed by fluorescence in situ 
      hybridization (FISH), were available for 30 patients, while the immunoglobulin 
      heavy chain genes (IGVH) mutation status was performed by next-generation 
      sequencing (NGS) in 24 patients. The SC percentage was determined in the blood 
      smear, as previously described. Statistical analyses were executed using the 
      GraphPad Prism 8. RESULTS: The mean age was 63 years (48 - 85) and the male: 
      female sex ratio was 4.66. A low SC (< 30%) percentage was correlated with Binet 
      stage B/C (p = 0.0009), CD38 expression (p = 0.039), unmutated IGVH status 
      (p = 0.0009) and presence of cytogenetic abnormalities (for del 13q, p = 0.0012, 
      while for other cytogenetic aberrations, p = 0.016). An inverse correlation was 
      found between the SC percentage and the absolute lymphocyte count (r = -0.51) and 
      patients with higher percentage of SCs had a prolonged survival. However, there 
      was no correlation between the SC percentage and age (p = 0.41) or gender 
      (median, 19% for males vs. 20% for females; p = 0.76). CONCLUSION: When less than 
      30%, the SC was associated with a poor prognosis in CLL. Easy and affordable, the 
      percentage of SCs in a blood smear could be a reliable prognostic marker, 
      accessible to all CLL patients, mainly those in developing countries.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Associacao Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia 
      Celular. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sall, Abibatou
AU  - Sall A
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal. Electronic 
      address: sallabibatou@gmail.com.
FAU - Seck, Moussa
AU  - Seck M
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Fall, Seynabou
AU  - Fall S
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Sall, Fatimata Bintou
AU  - Sall FB
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Faye, Blaise Felix
AU  - Faye BF
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Ndiaye, Fatou Samba
AU  - Ndiaye FS
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Gadji, Macoura
AU  - Gadji M
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Diop, Saliou
AU  - Diop S
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Toure, Awa Oumar
AU  - Toure AO
AD  - Hematology Department, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
FAU - Raphael, Martine
AU  - Raphael M
AD  - University Paris Sarclay, Paris, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210527
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Hematol Transfus Cell Ther
JT  - Hematology, transfusion and cell therapy
JID - 101725732
PMC - PMC8885397
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Blood smear
OT  - CLL
OT  - Prognostic marker
OT  - Senegal
OT  - Smudge cells
COIS- Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2021/06/13 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/13 06:01
PMCR- 2021/05/27
CRDT- 2021/06/12 05:35
PHST- 2021/01/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/12 05:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2531-1379(21)00075-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.htct.2021.04.002 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2022 Jan-Mar;44(1):63-69. doi: 
      10.1016/j.htct.2021.04.002. Epub 2021 May 27.