PMID- 34127265
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210824
LR  - 20210824
IS  - 1525-3198 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0302 (Linking)
VI  - 104
IP  - 9
DP  - 2021 Sep
TI  - Effects of 2 liquid feeding rates over the first 3 months of life on whole-body 
      energy metabolism and energy use efficiency of dairy calves up to 5 months.
PG  - 10399-10414
LID - S0022-0302(21)00671-8 [pii]
LID - 10.3168/jds.2021-20278 [doi]
AB  - Intensified milk replacer (MR) feeding in calves has nutritional long-term 
      effects and is suggested to increase milk production later in life. However, the 
      underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The aim of our study was to 
      investigate whether MR feeding intensity has long-term effects on energy 
      metabolism and energy use efficiency of dairy calves. Newborn female Holstein 
      calves (n = 28) were randomly assigned to 2 liquid feeding groups offered daily 
      either 10% of body weight (BW) colostrum followed by 10% of BW MR (10%-MR) or 12% 
      of BW colostrum followed by 20% of BW MR (20%-MR). Calves were housed 
      individually. Weaning was completed by the end of wk 12. Hay and calf starter 
      were fed from d 1 until the end of wk 14 and 16, respectively. A total mixed 
      ration was fed from wk 11 onward, and the metabolizable energy intake (MEI) was 
      determined daily. Energy metabolism of calves was measured in respiratory 
      chambers before weaning in wk 6 and 9, and after weaning in wk 14 and 22. The 
      MEI/BW(0.75) was higher before weaning but lower during and shortly after weaning 
      in 20%-MR calves. During the preweaning period, the 20%-MR animals had higher 
      average daily gain, BW, back fat thickness and muscle diameter, but lower plasma 
      beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. The group difference in average daily gain 
      ceased in wk 9, differences in back fat thickness and muscle diameter ceased 
      after weaning, whereas difference in BW(0.75) persisted until wk 23. The energy 
      conversion ratio (BW gain/MEI) was not different before weaning, but was lower 
      during and after weaning in 20%-MR calves. The higher MEI and BW(0.75) in 20%-MR 
      calves resulted in higher heat production (HP), as well as in higher carbohydrate 
      oxidation (COX) and fat oxidation during the preweaning period. Gas exchange 
      variables normalized to BW(0.75) or MEI differed between groups only during 
      preweaning. The energy balance was lower in 10%-MR calves in wk 6 and 9. The 
      HP/BW(0.75) and COX/BW(0.75) were higher, whereas HP/MEI was lower in 20%-MR 
      calves in wk 6. When normalized to BW(0.75) and MEI, HP in wk 6 and 9, and COX in 
      wk 9 was lower in 20%-MR calves. In conclusion, 20%-MR calves showed greater 
      efficiency estimates preweaning, but this effect did not occur after weaning, 
      suggesting that energy use efficiency does not persist until later stages in 
      life.
CI  - The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American 
      Dairy Science Association(R). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 
      license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
FAU - Tummler, Lisa-Maria
AU  - Tummler LM
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm 
      Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 1, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
FAU - Derno, Michael
AU  - Derno M
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm 
      Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 1, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
FAU - Tuchscherer, Armin
AU  - Tuchscherer A
AD  - Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology 
      (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
FAU - Kanitz, Ellen
AU  - Kanitz E
AD  - Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology 
      (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 1, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
FAU - Kuhla, Bjorn
AU  - Kuhla B
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm 
      Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 1, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany. 
      Electronic address: b.kuhla@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
DEP - 20210612
PL  - United States
TA  - J Dairy Sci
JT  - Journal of dairy science
JID - 2985126R
SB  - IM
MH  - *Animal Feed/analysis
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Milk
MH  - *Milk Substitutes
MH  - Weaning
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carbohydrate oxidation
OT  - fat oxidation
OT  - heat production
OT  - indirect calorimetry
EDAT- 2021/06/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/25 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/15 06:01
PHST- 2021/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/15 06:01 [entrez]
AID - S0022-0302(21)00671-8 [pii]
AID - 10.3168/jds.2021-20278 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Dairy Sci. 2021 Sep;104(9):10399-10414. doi: 10.3168/jds.2021-20278. Epub 2021 
      Jun 12.