PMID- 34130023
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220127
LR  - 20240324
IS  - 1532-1983 (Electronic)
IS  - 0261-5614 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Jun
TI  - Associations between dietary amino acid intakes and blood concentration levels.
PG  - 3772-3779
LID - S0261-5614(21)00228-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.036 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Emerging evidence suggests a role of amino acids (AAs) in 
      the development of various diseases including renal failure, liver cirrhosis, 
      diabetes and cancer. However, mechanistic pathways and the effects of dietary AA 
      intakes on circulating levels and disease outcomes are unclear. We aimed to 
      compare protein and AA intakes, with their respective blood concentrations in the 
      European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. 
      METHODS: Dietary protein and AA intakes were assessed via the EPIC dietary 
      questionnaires (DQ) and 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR). A subsample of 3768 EPIC 
      participants who were free of cancer had blood AA concentrations measured. To 
      investigate how circulating levels relate to their respective intakes, dietary AA 
      intake was examined in quintiles and ANOVA tests were run. Pearson correlations 
      were examined for continous associations between intakes and blood 
      concentrations. RESULTS: Dietary AA intakes (assessed with the DQ) and blood AA 
      concentrations were not strongly correlated (-0.15 </= r </= 0.17) and the direction 
      of the correlations depended on AA class: weak positive correlations were found 
      for most essential AAs (isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, 
      tryptophan, and valine) and conditionally essential AAs (arginine and tyrosine), 
      while negative associations were found for non-essential AAs. Similar results 
      were found when using the 24-HDR. When conducting ANOVA tests for essential AAs, 
      higher intake quintiles were linked to higher blood AA concentrations, except for 
      histidine and phenylalanine. For non-essential AAs and glycine, an inverse 
      relationship was observed. Conditionally-essential AAs showed mixed results. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Weak positive correlations and dose responses were found between 
      most essential and conditionally essential AA intakes, and blood concentrations, 
      but not for the non-essential AAs. These results suggest that intake of dietary 
      AA might be related to physiological AA status, particularly for the essential 
      AAs. However, these results should be further evaluated and confirmed in 
      large-scale prospective studies.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Iguacel, Isabel
AU  - Iguacel I
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France; Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of 
      Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto 
      Agroalimentario de Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 
      Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de 
      Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Zaragoza, Spain.
FAU - Schmidt, Julie A
AU  - Schmidt JA
AD  - Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of 
      Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
FAU - Perez-Cornago, Aurora
AU  - Perez-Cornago A
AD  - Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of 
      Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
FAU - Van Puyvelde, Heleen
AU  - Van Puyvelde H
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, 
      Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
FAU - Travis, Ruth
AU  - Travis R
AD  - Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of 
      Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
FAU - Stepien, Magdalena
AU  - Stepien M
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Scalbert, Augustin
AU  - Scalbert A
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Casagrande, Corinne
AU  - Casagrande C
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU  - Weiderpass E
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Riboli, Elio
AU  - Riboli E
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial 
      College London, London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Schulze, Matthias B
AU  - Schulze MB
AD  - Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition 
      Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, 
      University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
FAU - Skeie, Guri
AU  - Skeie G
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic 
      University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Boden, Stina
AU  - Boden S
AD  - Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
FAU - Boeing, Heiner
AU  - Boeing H
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, German Institute for Human Nutrition 
      Potsdam-Rehbrucke, Nuthetal, Germany.
FAU - Cross, Amanda J
AU  - Cross AJ
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial 
      College London, London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Harlid, Sophia
AU  - Harlid S
AD  - Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
FAU - Jensen, Torill Enget
AU  - Jensen TE
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic 
      University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Huerta, Jose M
AU  - Huerta JM
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 
      Murcia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain.
FAU - Katzke, Verena
AU  - Katzke V
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Kuhn, Tilman
AU  - Kuhn T
AD  - Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Lujan-Barroso, Leila
AU  - Lujan-Barroso L
AD  - Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, Nutrition and 
      Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute -IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de 
      Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
FAU - Masala, Giovanna
AU  - Masala G
AD  - Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer 
      Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy.
FAU - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
AU  - Rodriguez-Barranco M
AD  - Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de 
      Investigacion Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigacion 
      Biomedica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Rostgaard-Hansen, Agnetha Linn
AU  - Rostgaard-Hansen AL
AD  - Department of Public Health, Danish Cancer Society Research Center Diet, Genes 
      and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, University of Copenhagen, 
      Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - van der Schouw, Yvonne T
AU  - van der Schouw YT
AD  - Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center 
      Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
FAU - Vermeulen, Roel
AU  - Vermeulen R
AD  - Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health 
      Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Julius Center for Health 
      Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 
      Utrecht, the Netherlands.
FAU - Tagliabue, Giovanna
AU  - Tagliabue G
AD  - Lombardy Cancer Registry Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di 
      Milano, Milano, Italy.
FAU - Tjonneland, Anne
AU  - Tjonneland A
AD  - Department of Public Health, Danish Cancer Society Research Center Diet, Genes 
      and Environment, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, University of Copenhagen, 
      Copenhagen, Denmark.
FAU - Trevisan, Morena
AU  - Trevisan M
AD  - Unit of Cancer Epidemiology- CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of 
      Turin, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU  - Ferrari P
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Gunter, Marc J
AU  - Gunter MJ
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France.
FAU - Huybrechts, Inge
AU  - Huybrechts I
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, 
      69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France. Electronic address: huybrechtsi@iarc.fr.
LA  - eng
GR  - 001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International
GR  - 25004/CRUK_/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom
GR  - MR/M012190/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210427
PL  - England
TA  - Clin Nutr
JT  - Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
JID - 8309603
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids, Essential)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acids/*administration & dosage/*blood
MH  - Amino Acids, Essential/*administration & dosage/*blood
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Diet
MH  - Diet Surveys/methods
MH  - Eating
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 24-H dietary recall
OT  - Amino acids
OT  - Blood levels
OT  - Dietary intake
OT  - Dietary questionnaire
COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
EDAT- 2021/06/16 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/28 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/15 20:15
PHST- 2020/09/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/15 20:15 [entrez]
AID - S0261-5614(21)00228-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin Nutr. 2021 Jun;40(6):3772-3779. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.036. Epub 2021 
      Apr 27.