PMID- 34136973
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211213
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1532-5946 (Electronic)
IS  - 0090-502X (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Proactive and reactive metacontrol in task switching.
PG  - 1617-1632
LID - 10.3758/s13421-021-01189-8 [doi]
AB  - While cognitive control enables the selection of goal-relevant responses, 
      metacontrol enables the selection of context-appropriate control operations. In 
      task switching, metacontrol modulates task-switching efficiency by retrieving the 
      associations between a contextual cue and a particular cognitive control demand. 
      While the automatic retrieval of cognitive control is appealing due to its time 
      and energy efficiency, the effects of different contextual cues have been shown 
      in separate studies and appear to have different characteristics. Here, we 
      devised a single task-switching paradigm to test whether we can observe both 
      list-wide and item-specific metacontrol within subjects. In two experiments, we 
      demonstrated reduced switch costs in lists associated with a high probability of 
      switching as compared with lists with a low probability of switching (i.e., a 
      list-wide switch probability [LWSP] effect). Similarly, we observed an analogous 
      item-specific switch probability (ISSP) effect such that items associated with a 
      high probability of switching incurred smaller switch costs as compared with 
      items associated with a low probability of switching. We also confirmed that both 
      list-wide and item-specific switch probability effects were not dependent on 
      lower-level stimulus-response associations. However, the LWSP and the ISSP 
      effects were uncorrelated, suggesting a lack of dependence. Together, these 
      findings suggest that there are two distinct modes of metacontrol that are 
      deployed in a context-sensitive manner in order to adapt to specific cognitive 
      demands.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc.
FAU - Kang, Moon Sun
AU  - Kang MS
AD  - Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 Third Street, West 
      Lafayette, IN, 47907-2081, USA. kang396@purdue.edu.
FAU - Chiu, Yu-Chin
AU  - Chiu YC
AD  - Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 Third Street, West 
      Lafayette, IN, 47907-2081, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210616
PL  - United States
TA  - Mem Cognit
JT  - Memory & cognition
JID - 0357443
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological
MH  - *Cues
MH  - Humans
MH  - Motivation
MH  - Probability
MH  - *Psychomotor Performance
MH  - Reaction Time
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adaptive control
OT  - Associative learning
OT  - Cognitive control
OT  - Metacontrol
OT  - Task-switching
EDAT- 2021/06/18 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/17 06:58
PHST- 2021/05/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/17 06:58 [entrez]
AID - 10.3758/s13421-021-01189-8 [pii]
AID - 10.3758/s13421-021-01189-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mem Cognit. 2021 Nov;49(8):1617-1632. doi: 10.3758/s13421-021-01189-8. Epub 2021 
      Jun 16.