PMID- 34149575
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230920
IS  - 1664-1078 (Print)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Linking)
VI  - 12
DP  - 2021
TI  - Nature as an Ecological Asset for Positive Youth Development: Empirical Evidence 
      From Rural Communities.
PG  - 688574
LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.688574 [doi]
LID - 688574
AB  - Despite increasing emphasis on youth contact with nature and associated benefits, 
      research has not examined the direct relationship between adolescents' 
      nature-based experiences and holistic measures of positive youth development 
      (PYD). This gap may stem from the lack of interdisciplinary work on nature and 
      PYD. Our study integrates multiple disciplinary perspectives to explore direct 
      associations between time in nature, connection to nature, and the five Cs of PYD 
      (competence, connection, confidence, character, and caring) as well as the 
      "sixth" C of contribution. From 2015 to 2016, we collected data from 587 diverse 
      South Carolina middle school students (57% female, 40% BIPOC) between the ages of 
      11 and 14 (M (age) = 12.9) and living in predominantly low-income communities. 
      OLS regression analyses indicated that across all youth, self-reported connection 
      to nature was a consistent positive correlate of overall PYD and each of the 
      individual Cs. Time in nature was associated with overall PYD and competence. 
      Findings demonstrate significant associations between nature-based experiences 
      and PYD and underscore the importance of ensuring that diverse youth can access 
      and enjoy the developmental benefits of nature and nature-based recreation 
      opportunities.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Bowers, Larson and Parry.
FAU - Bowers, Edmond P
AU  - Bowers EP
AD  - Youth Development Leadership, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States.
FAU - Larson, Lincoln R
AU  - Larson LR
AD  - Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, North Carolina State 
      University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
FAU - Parry, Benjamin J
AU  - Parry BJ
AD  - School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, 
      Birmingham, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210604
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychol
JT  - Frontiers in psychology
JID - 101550902
PMC - PMC8213347
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adolescence
OT  - connection to nature
OT  - nature
OT  - outdoor recreation
OT  - positive youth development
OT  - psychological health
OT  - rural youth
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/06/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:01
PMCR- 2021/06/04
CRDT- 2021/06/21 05:51
PHST- 2021/03/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/21 05:51 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.688574 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 4;12:688574. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.688574. eCollection 
      2021.