PMID- 34178508
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210629
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 May 23
TI  - The Clinical, Radiological, and Laboratory Profile of Patients With Interstitial 
      Pneumonitis With Autoimmune Features From India: An Observational, 
      Cross-Sectional Study.
PG  - e15187
LID - 10.7759/cureus.15187 [doi]
LID - e15187
AB  - Introduction Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) refers 
      to interstitial lung disease (ILD) with co-existing features of other clinical, 
      serologic, or pulmonary features that suggest the presence of an underlying 
      systemic autoimmune condition that does not fulfill the current rheumatologic 
      criteria for connective tissue disorder (CTD). It is a relatively newly described 
      clinical syndrome with only a handful of reports describing it. This study aimed 
      at studying the clinical, radiological, and laboratory profiles of IPAF patients 
      from a tertiary care hospital in South India. Methods This was an observational 
      cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India over a 
      period of one year. Patients diagnosed to have IPAF as per the European 
      Respiratory Society (ERS)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria were included 
      in the study, and their demographics, clinical features, radiological features, 
      and laboratory markers were collected along with a descriptive analysis. Results 
      A total of 14,433 patients were screened during the study period. Twenty-four 
      patients were diagnosed to have IPAF during the study period with a prevalence 
      of 0.17%. Out of these 24 patients, 11 (45.8%) patients were males. The mean (M) 
      +/- standard deviation (SD) age was 47.8+/-10.7 years. Twenty-one (87.5%) of the 
      patients reported having a cough, 18 (75%) patients had breathlessness, and 10 
      (41.7%) patients had digital clubbing. On radiological imaging, five (20.8%) 
      patients had features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and 14 (58.3%) 
      had nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). On pulmonary function testing, the 
      M+/-SD forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) was 56.4+/-13.9%. The M+/-SD 
      forced vital capacity (FVC) was 44.2+/-24.1%. The M+/-SD FEV1/FVC ratio was 0.8+/-0.04. 
      On performing diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), the 
      M+/-SD was 34.2+/-21.9%. Of the patients, 95.8% had a positive antinuclear antibody 
      (ANA) while 25% of patients had a positive anti-AMA-M2. Conclusions The 
      prevalence of IPAF in the studied population was very low. IPAF had nonspecific 
      clinical features, pulmonary function tests, and radiological findings. Further 
      large-scale studies are required from different parts of the world in order to 
      understand the epidemiology of IPAF. Research is also required into developing 
      effective management options for IPAF.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021, Chaurasia et al.
FAU - Chaurasia, Sheetal
AU  - Chaurasia S
AD  - Pulmonary Medicine, Manipal Hospital Whitefield, Bangalore, IND.
FAU - Haran, Alamelu
AU  - Haran A
AD  - Pulmonary Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, 
      Bangalore, IND.
FAU - Chawla, Pavny
AU  - Chawla P
AD  - Respiratory Diseases and Sleep Disorders, Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon, IND.
FAU - Reddy, Anish
AU  - Reddy A
AD  - Pulmonary Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, 
      Bangalore, IND.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210523
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC8218071
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - autoimmune
OT  - idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
OT  - india
OT  - interstitial lung disease
OT  - interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/06/29 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:01
PMCR- 2021/05/23
CRDT- 2021/06/28 06:02
PHST- 2021/06/28 06:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.15187 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2021 May 23;13(5):e15187. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15187.