PMID- 34186057
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211018
LR  - 20211018
IS  - 1523-1755 (Electronic)
IS  - 0085-2538 (Linking)
VI  - 100
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Oct
TI  - The emerging field of non-human leukocyte antigen antibodies in transplant 
      medicine and beyond.
PG  - 787-798
LID - S0085-2538(21)00581-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.044 [doi]
AB  - The major medical advances in our knowledge of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) 
      system have allowed us to uncover several gaps in our understanding of 
      alloimmunity. Although the non-HLA system has long sparked the interest of the 
      transplant community, recognition of the role of immunity to non-HLA antigenic 
      targets has only emerged recently. In this review, we will provide a 
      comprehensive summary of the paradigm-changing concept of immunity to the non-HLA 
      angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), discovered by Duska Dragun et al., that 
      began from careful bedside clinical observations, to validated detection of 
      anti-AT1R antibodies and lead to clinical intervention. This scientific approach 
      has also allowed the recognition of broader pathogenicity of anti-AT1R antibodies 
      across multiple organ transplants and in other human diseases, the integration of 
      both non-HLA and HLA systems to understand their immunologic effects on organ 
      allografts, and the identification of future directions for therapeutic 
      intervention to modulate immunity to AT1R. Rationally designed successful 
      interventions to target AT1R system provide an exemplar for other non-HLA 
      antibodies to cross borders between medical specialties, will generate new 
      avenues in translational research beyond transplantation, and will foster the 
      development of new and reliable tools to improve our understanding of non-HLA 
      immunity and ultimately allow us to improve patient care.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 International Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Lefaucheur, Carmen
AU  - Lefaucheur C
AD  - Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Institut National 
      de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S970, 
      Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis 
      Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic 
      address: carmen.lefaucheur@wanadoo.fr.
FAU - Louis, Kevin
AU  - Louis K
AD  - Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux 
      de Paris, Paris, France; Human Immunology and Immunopathology, Institut National 
      de la sante et de la recherche medicale Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-976, 
      Universite de Paris, Paris, France.
FAU - Philippe, Aurelie
AU  - Philippe A
AD  - Department of Nephrology and Critical Care Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, 
      Berlin, Germany; Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie 
      Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of 
      Health, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Loupy, Alexandre
AU  - Loupy A
AD  - Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Institut National 
      de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S970, 
      Universite de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Kidney Transplantation, Necker 
      Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
FAU - Coates, P Toby
AU  - Coates PT
AD  - Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 
      South Australia, Australia; Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation 
      Service (CNARTS), The Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 
      Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210626
PL  - United States
TA  - Kidney Int
JT  - Kidney international
JID - 0323470
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1)
SB  - IM
MH  - Graft Rejection/prevention & control
MH  - HLA Antigens
MH  - *Kidney Transplantation
MH  - *Medicine
MH  - Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - alloimmunity
OT  - angiotensin
OT  - antibodies
OT  - non-human leukocyte antigen
OT  - rejection
OT  - transplantation
EDAT- 2021/06/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/29 20:11
PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/29 20:11 [entrez]
AID - S0085-2538(21)00581-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.044 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Kidney Int. 2021 Oct;100(4):787-798. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.044. Epub 2021 
      Jun 26.