PMID- 34192821
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220404
LR  - 20220405
IS  - 1942-7611 (Electronic)
IS  - 1942-7603 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2022 Mar
TI  - Investigations in carbon isotope ratios of seized testosterone and boldenone 
      preparations.
PG  - 514-518
LID - 10.1002/dta.3120 [doi]
AB  - In order to detect the misuse of testosterone (T) or boldenone (Bo) in doping 
      control analysis, the confirmation of atypical findings employing the 
      determination of carbon isotope ratios (CIR) is mandatory for issuing adverse 
      analytical findings. Elevated concentrations of T (or elevated T/epitestosterone 
      ratios) may result from confounding factors such as ethanol intake, and the 
      presence of low urinary concentrations of Bo can originate from endogenous or 
      urinary in situ production of small amounts of the steroid. As pharmaceutical 
      preparations of Bo and T are generally depleted in (13) C, their CIR differ 
      significantly from the (13) C-enriched endogenous steroids. Some rare cases have 
      been reported on pharmaceutical preparations showing (13) C-enriched isotope 
      ratios that complicate the current application of CIR in sports drug testing. 
      Therefore, the CIR of a subset of n = 157 T preparations and n = 39 Bo 
      preparations seized in Switzerland and Germany between 2013 and 2018 was analyzed 
      in order to estimate the possible impact of steroid preparations showing (13) 
      C-enriched isotope ratios on the current approach to detect their misuse. All 
      investigated Bo preparations showed CIR in the expected range between - 26.7 and 
      -30.3 per thousand. Within the T samples, 95% showed the expected values below -26 per thousand while six 
      samples fall between -25 and -26 per thousand and one sample was indistinguishable from 
      endogenously produced T with a CIR of -23.3 per thousand.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Authors. Drug Testing and Analysis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Piper, Thomas
AU  - Piper T
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7462-6693
AD  - German Sport University Cologne, Center for Preventive Doping Research - 
      Institute of Biochemistry, Koln, Germany.
FAU - Thevis, Mario
AU  - Thevis M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1535-6451
AD  - German Sport University Cologne, Center for Preventive Doping Research - 
      Institute of Biochemistry, Koln, Germany.
AD  - European Monitoring Center for Emerging Doping Agents (EuMoCEDA), Cologne/Bonn, 
      Germany.
LA  - eng
GR  - Bundesministerium des Innern, fur Bau und Heimat/
GR  - Manfred Donike Institute for Doping Analysis/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210703
PL  - England
TA  - Drug Test Anal
JT  - Drug testing and analysis
JID - 101483449
RN  - 0 (Carbon Isotopes)
RN  - 0 (Testosterone Congeners)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
RN  - 5H7I2IP58X (boldenone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Carbon Isotopes/analysis
MH  - *Doping in Sports
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection
MH  - Testosterone/analogs & derivatives/analysis
MH  - *Testosterone Congeners
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - boldenone
OT  - carbon isotope ratio
OT  - doping
OT  - isotope ratio mass spectrometry
OT  - testosterone
EDAT- 2021/07/01 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/05 06:00
CRDT- 2021/06/30 20:31
PHST- 2021/06/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/30 20:31 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/dta.3120 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Test Anal. 2022 Mar;14(3):514-518. doi: 10.1002/dta.3120. Epub 2021 Jul 3.