PMID- 34198803
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210705
IS  - 2075-1729 (Print)
IS  - 2075-1729 (Electronic)
IS  - 2075-1729 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Jun 5
TI  - High Levels of TNF-alpha and TIM-3 as a Biomarker of Immune Reconstitution 
      Inflammatory Syndrome in People with HIV Infection.
LID - 10.3390/life11060527 [doi]
LID - 527
AB  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an exacerbated immune 
      response that can occur to HIV+ patients after initiating antiretroviral therapy 
      (ART). IRIS pathogenesis is unclear, but dysfunctional and exhausted cells have 
      been reported in IRIS patients, and the TIM-3/Gal-9 axis has been associated with 
      chronic phases of viral infection. This study aimed to evaluate the soluble 
      levels of TIM-3 and Gal-9 and their relationship with IRIS development. TIM-3, 
      Gal-9, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, TNFR1, TNFR2, E-cadherin, ADAM10, and ADAM17 were 
      measured to search for IRIS-associated biomarkers in plasma samples from 0-, 4-, 
      8-, 12-, and 24-weeks after ART initiation of 61 HIV+ patients (15 patients 
      developed IRIS, and 46 did not). We found that patients who developed IRIS had 
      higher levels of TIM-3 [median 4806, IQR: 3206-6182] at the time of the IRIS 
      events, compared to any other follow-up time evaluated in these patients or 
      compared with a control group of patients who did not develop IRIS. Similarly, 
      IRIS patients had a higher TNF-alpha level [median 10.89, IQR: 8.36-12.34] at IRIS 
      events than any other follow-up time evaluated. Other molecules related to the 
      TIM-3 and TNF-alpha pathway (Gal-9, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNFR1, TNFR2, ADAM-10, and ADAM-17) 
      did not change during the IRIS events. In conclusion, our data suggest that a 
      high level of soluble TIM-3 and TNF-alpha could be used as an IRIS biomarker.
FAU - Ramon-Luing, Lucero A
AU  - Ramon-Luing LA
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Ocana-Guzman, Ranferi
AU  - Ocana-Guzman R
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Tellez-Navarrete, Norma A
AU  - Tellez-Navarrete NA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2886-8317
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Preciado-Garcia, Mario
AU  - Preciado-Garcia M
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Romero-Rodriguez, Damaris P
AU  - Romero-Rodriguez DP
AD  - Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias 
      "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Espinosa, Enrique
AU  - Espinosa E
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Reyes-Teran, Gustavo
AU  - Reyes-Teran G
AD  - Center for Infectious Diseases Research (CIENI), Instituto Nacional de 
      Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
FAU - Chavez-Galan, Leslie
AU  - Chavez-Galan L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2334-0361
AD  - Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades 
      Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210605
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Life (Basel)
JT  - Life (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101580444
PMC - PMC8227006
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ADAM
OT  - HIV
OT  - IRIS
OT  - TIM-3
OT  - TNF-alpha
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/03 06:01
PMCR- 2021/06/05
CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:02
PHST- 2021/04/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/05/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/02 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - life11060527 [pii]
AID - life-11-00527 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/life11060527 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Life (Basel). 2021 Jun 5;11(6):527. doi: 10.3390/life11060527.