PMID- 34208061
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210714
IS  - 2076-0817 (Print)
IS  - 2076-0817 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-0817 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Jun 11
TI  - Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design Using an Immunoinformatic Approach for SARS-CoV-2.
LID - 10.3390/pathogens10060737 [doi]
LID - 737
AB  - Through 4 June 2021, COVID-19 has caused over 172.84 million cases of infection 
      and 3.71 million deaths worldwide. Due to its rapid dissemination and high 
      mutation rate, it is essential to develop a vaccine harboring multiple epitopes 
      and efficacious against multiple variants to prevent the immune escape of 
      SARS-CoV-2. An in silico approach based on the viral genome was applied to 
      identify 19 high-immunogenic B-cell epitopes and 499 human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA)-restricted T-cell epitopes. Thirty multi-epitope peptide vaccines were 
      designed by iNeo-Suite and manufactured by solid-phase synthesis. Docking 
      analysis confirmed stable hydrogen bonds of epitopes with their corresponding HLA 
      alleles. When four peptide candidates derived from the spike protein of 
      SARS-CoV-2 were selected to immunize mice, a significantly larger amount of total 
      IgG in serum, as well as an increase of CD19+ cells in the inguinal lymph nodes, 
      were observed in the peptide-immunized mice compared to the control. The ratios 
      of IFN-gamma-secreting lymphocytes in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells in the peptide-immunized 
      mice were higher than those in the control mice. There were also a larger number 
      of IFN-gamma-secreting T-cells in the spleens of peptide-immunized mice. The peptide 
      vaccines in this study successfully elicited antigen-specific humoral and 
      cellular immune responses in mice. To further validate the safety and efficacy of 
      this vaccine, animal studies using a primate model, as well as clinical trials in 
      humans, are required.
FAU - Feng, Ye
AU  - Feng Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6551-1560
AD  - Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 
      310001, China.
AD  - Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 
      Hangzhou 310002, China.
FAU - Jiang, Haiping
AU  - Jiang H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4394-6176
AD  - The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 
      310007, China.
FAU - Qiu, Min
AU  - Qiu M
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Liu, Liang
AU  - Liu L
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Zou, Shengmei
AU  - Zou S
AD  - Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 
      310001, China.
AD  - Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 
      Hangzhou 310002, China.
FAU - Li, Yun
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Zhejiang Forest Resources Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310020, China.
FAU - Guo, Qianpeng
AU  - Guo Q
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Han, Ning
AU  - Han N
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Sun, Yingqiang
AU  - Sun Y
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Wang, Kui
AU  - Wang K
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Lu, Lantian
AU  - Lu L
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Zhuang, Xinlei
AU  - Zhuang X
AD  - College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Zhang, Shanshan
AU  - Zhang S
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
AD  - Zhejiang California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Chen, Shuqing
AU  - Chen S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0792-3735
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
AD  - College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
AD  - Zhejiang California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou 310058, China.
FAU - Mo, Fan
AU  - Mo F
AD  - Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
AD  - College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
AD  - Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, 
      Canada.
AD  - Hangzhou AI-Force Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - KWJ-ZJ-2108/National Health and Family Planning Commission Research Fund & 
      Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Major Science and Technology Plan Project/
GR  - LGF20E030004/Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project of Zhejiang 
      Province/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210611
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Pathogens
JT  - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101596317
PMC - PMC8230658
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
OT  - epitope
OT  - immunoinformatics
OT  - peptide
OT  - vaccine
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.
EDAT- 2021/07/03 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/03 06:01
PMCR- 2021/06/11
CRDT- 2021/07/02 01:33
PHST- 2021/04/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/02 01:33 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - pathogens10060737 [pii]
AID - pathogens-10-00737 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/pathogens10060737 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Pathogens. 2021 Jun 11;10(6):737. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10060737.