PMID- 34217792
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210805
LR  - 20210805
IS  - 1879-3185 (Electronic)
IS  - 0300-483X (Linking)
VI  - 458
DP  - 2021 Jun 30
TI  - Hair determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Italian 
      population.
PG  - 152849
LID - S0300-483X(21)00172-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152849 [doi]
AB  - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are anthropogenic chemicals present in 
      the environment and defined as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The interest 
      in these forms of contaminants is related to the toxic consequences for health 
      derived from exposures and bioaccumulation processes. The present research aims 
      at assessing differences in the exposure of PFAS in the Italian population by 
      hair analyses. To this aim, 20 compounds of the PFAS family were investigated in 
      hair of 86 Italian subjects distributed across the regions of Veneto, 
      Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy and Marche. The applied method was ad hoc developed in a 
      previous research and included SPE extraction and LC-QTOF analysis. In the 
      analyzed population, 66.4 % had quantifiable amounts of one or more PFAS 
      molecules (up to 4 compounds); mean PFAS content, expressed as sum of PFAS, was 
      0.1457 ng/g, ranging from "not detected" to 0.85 ng/g (SD 0.1867). PFOA and PFOS 
      were the chemicals most frequently detected, with mean concentrations of 0.1402 
      ng/g and 0.1155 ng/g, respectively. PFBA was detected in 9.3 % of subjects with a 
      mean concentration of 0.3760 ng/g; PFNA in 3.5 % of subjects with mean 
      concentration 0.12 ng/g; PFDA was found in one subject at the concentration of 
      0.541 ng/g. PFUnA and PFHxS were detected below the limit of quantification. The 
      overall results displayed differences in the presence and prevalence of PFAS in 
      hair of the Italian population on a geographical base. On the contrary, no 
      significatively differences in the amount of PFAS were observed when considering 
      gender or age classes. On this base, hair can be considered a good diagnostic 
      tool to assess PFAS exposure on a regional-scaled base. Of course, more studies 
      are required to infer PFAS internal dose from hair results due to its peculiar 
      detection window and to interpretative issues derived from external 
      contamination.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Piva, E
AU  - Piva E
AD  - dtoLABS, Via Pozzuoli, 13C/13D, 30038, Spinea, VE, Italy.
FAU - Giorgetti, A
AU  - Giorgetti A
AD  - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Legal Medicine, University 
      of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Ioime, P
AU  - Ioime P
AD  - dtoLABS, Via Pozzuoli, 13C/13D, 30038, Spinea, VE, Italy.
FAU - Morini, L
AU  - Morini L
AD  - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of 
      Pavia, Via Forlanini, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Freni, F
AU  - Freni F
AD  - Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of 
      Pavia, Via Forlanini, 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Faro, F Lo
AU  - Faro FL
AD  - Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, University 
      "Politecnica delle Marche" of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
FAU - Pirani, F
AU  - Pirani F
AD  - Department of Excellence of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, University 
      "Politecnica delle Marche" of Ancona, Via Conca 71, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
FAU - Montisci, M
AU  - Montisci M
AD  - Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, 
      Via Giustiniani, 2, 35127, Padova, Italy.
FAU - Fais, P
AU  - Fais P
AD  - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Legal Medicine, University 
      of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Pascali, J P
AU  - Pascali JP
AD  - Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, 
      Via Giustiniani, 2, 35127, Padova, Italy. Electronic address: 
      jennifer.pascali@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210701
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Toxicology
JT  - Toxicology
JID - 0361055
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aging
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Fluorocarbons/*analysis
MH  - Geography
MH  - Hair/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Italy/epidemiology
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomonitoring
OT  - Hair
OT  - LC-MS
OT  - PFOA
OT  - PFOS
OT  - Perfluoroalkyl substances
EDAT- 2021/07/05 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/06 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/04 20:40
PHST- 2021/04/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/04 20:40 [entrez]
AID - S0300-483X(21)00172-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152849 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicology. 2021 Jun 30;458:152849. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152849. Epub 2021 Jul 
      1.