PMID- 34221968
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220424
IS  - 2234-943X (Print)
IS  - 2234-943X (Electronic)
IS  - 2234-943X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2021
TI  - PD-1 Inhibitors Could Improve the Efficacy of Chemotherapy as First-Line 
      Treatment in Biliary Tract Cancers: A Propensity Score Matching Based Analysis.
PG  - 648068
LID - 10.3389/fonc.2021.648068 [doi]
LID - 648068
AB  - BACKGROUND: There are limited treatment options for advanced biliary tract 
      cancers (BTCs), including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, extrahepatic bile duct 
      cancer, gallbladder cancer. We compared the efficacy and safety of PD-1 
      inhibitors plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment in 
      patients with advanced BTC. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients with 
      BTC treated at the oncology department of the Chinese PLA general hospital 
      receiving PD-1 inhibitor with chemotherapy (anti-PD-1+C group) or chemotherapy 
      alone (C group). Propensity Score Matching (PSM) (1:1) was performed to balance 
      potential baseline confounding factors. Progression-free survival (PFS) was 
      analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves with log-rank tests. Objective 
      response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety were also analyzed. 
      RESULTS: This study included 75 patients who received PD-1 inhibitors (including 
      Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Sintilimab, Toripalimab) plus chemotherapy and 59 
      patients who received chemotherapy alone. After matching, there were no 
      significant differences between the two groups for baseline characteristics. 
      Within the matched cohort, the median PFS was 5.8m in the anti-PD-1+C group, 
      which was significantly longer than the C group, at 3.2m (HR: 0.47, 95% CI 0.29 
      to 0.76, P = 0.004). The ORR was 21.7% and DCR was 80.4% in the anti-PD-1+C 
      group, while the ORR was 15.2% and DCR was 69.6% in the C group. No significant 
      differences were found in the ORR and DCR between the two groups (P=0.423, 
      P=0.231). Grade 3 or 4 treatment was related to adverse events (AEs) that 
      occurred in the anti-PD-1+C group, namely hypothyroidism (n=3, 6.5%), rash (n=2, 
      4.2%), and hepatitis (n=1, 2.2%). There was no AE-related death. The grade 3-4 
      leukopenia rate was similar in the two groups (4.3% vs. 6.5%). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Anti-PD-1 therapy plus chemotherapy prolonged the PFS compared with chemotherapy 
      alone in advanced BTC with controllable AEs. Further clinical trials are needed 
      to confirm this result.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Gou, Zhang, Liu, Si, Wang, Yan, Qian and Dai.
FAU - Gou, Miaomiao
AU  - Gou M
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The Second Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Liu, Tiee
AU  - Liu T
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Si, Haiyan
AU  - Si H
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Wang, Zhikuan
AU  - Wang Z
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Yan, Huan
AU  - Yan H
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
FAU - Qian, Niansong
AU  - Qian N
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
AD  - The Hainan Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 
      Sanya, China.
FAU - Dai, Guanghai
AU  - Dai G
AD  - Medical Oncology Department, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's 
      Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210617
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Oncol
JT  - Frontiers in oncology
JID - 101568867
PMC - PMC8248534
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BTC
OT  - PD-1 inhibitor
OT  - PMS
OT  - chemotherapy
OT  - immunotherapy
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/07/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/06 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/07/05 10:12
PHST- 2021/01/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/05 10:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fonc.2021.648068 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Oncol. 2021 Jun 17;11:648068. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.648068. eCollection 
      2021.