PMID- 34228995
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220324
LR  - 20220324
IS  - 1879-0089 (Electronic)
IS  - 0145-305X (Linking)
VI  - 124
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Characterization of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) interleukin-18: 
      Identification of splicing variants, phylogeny, synteny and expression analysis.
PG  - 104199
LID - S0145-305X(21)00207-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104199 [doi]
AB  - Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that belongs to the 
      interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of cytokines. As occurs with IL-1beta, it is synthetized 
      as an inactive precursor peptide that is mainly processed by the cysteine 
      protease caspase-1 in the inflammasome complex. In mammals, and in collaboration 
      with IL-12, it has been described as an important cytokine controlling the 
      Th1-mediated immune responses through the induction of IFN-gamma. Although its 
      function in mammals is well stablished, the activity of this cytokine in teleost 
      remains to be elucidated. This could be due, among other things, to the absence 
      of this gene in the fish model species zebrafish, but also to its complex 
      regulation. As it was observed for rainbow trout and human, il18 splicing 
      variants were also found in turbot, which could represent a regulatory mechanism 
      of its bioactivity. In the case of turbot, three splicing variants were observed 
      (SV1-3), and one of them showed an insertion of 10 amino acids in the middle of 
      the potential caspase-1 cleavage position, reflecting that this is probably a 
      form resistant to the processing by the inflammasome. Phylogenetic and 
      three-dimensional analyses of turbot Il18 revealed that it is relatively 
      well-conserved in vertebrates, although only a partial conservation of the gene 
      synteny was observed between fish and mammals. As it was expected, turbot il18 
      splicing variants were mainly expressed in immune tissues under healthy 
      conditions, and their expression was induced by a bacterial challenge, although 
      certain inhibitions were observed after viral and parasitic infections. In the 
      case of the viral challenge, il18 downregulations did not seem to be due to the 
      effect of type I IFNs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Pereiro, Patricia
AU  - Pereiro P
AD  - Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones 
      Cientificas (CSIC), C/ Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
FAU - Lama, Raquel
AU  - Lama R
AD  - Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones 
      Cientificas (CSIC), C/ Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
FAU - Figueras, Antonio
AU  - Figueras A
AD  - Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones 
      Cientificas (CSIC), C/ Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
FAU - Novoa, Beatriz
AU  - Novoa B
AD  - Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones 
      Cientificas (CSIC), C/ Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain. Electronic address: 
      beatriznovoa@iim.csic.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210703
PL  - United States
TA  - Dev Comp Immunol
JT  - Developmental and comparative immunology
JID - 7708205
RN  - 0 (Fish Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Interferon Type I)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-18)
RN  - 0 (Protein Isoforms)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aeromonas salmonicida/pathogenicity
MH  - Alternative Splicing
MH  - Animals
MH  - Fish Diseases/immunology/microbiology/parasitology/virology
MH  - Fish Proteins/genetics/immunology
MH  - Flatfishes/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Interferon Type I/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-18/*genetics/*immunology
MH  - Novirhabdovirus/pathogenicity
MH  - Oligohymenophorea/pathogenicity
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Protein Isoforms
MH  - Synteny
MH  - Tissue Distribution
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Immune response
OT  - Interleukin-18
OT  - Splicing variants
OT  - Teleost
OT  - Turbot
EDAT- 2021/07/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/06 20:11
PHST- 2021/06/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/06 20:11 [entrez]
AID - S0145-305X(21)00207-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104199 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Dev Comp Immunol. 2021 Nov;124:104199. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104199. Epub 2021 
      Jul 3.