PMID- 34242267
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211116
LR  - 20211116
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 7
DP  - 2021
TI  - Perceived norms, personal agency, and postpartum family planning intentions among 
      first-time mothers age 15-24 years in Kinshasa: A cross-sectional analysis.
PG  - e0254085
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0254085 [doi]
LID - e0254085
AB  - Unintended pregnancy is an important global health problem and frequently occurs 
      during the immediate postpartum period. However, few studies have examined 
      postpartum family planning (PPFP) intentions among adolescent girls and young 
      women. This study assessed whether perceived norms and personal agency predicted 
      PPFP intentions among first-time mothers age 15-24 in Kinshasa, the Democratic 
      Republic of Congo. Data were derived from the 2018 Momentum Project baseline 
      survey. Analysis was based on 2,418 nulliparous pregnant women age 15-24 who were 
      approximately six months pregnant with their first child in six health zones of 
      Kinshasa. Overall PPFP intentions were low and ten to thirteen percent of women 
      stated they were very likely to discuss PPFP next month with (a) their 
      husband/male partner and (b) a health worker, and to (c) obtain and (d) use a 
      contraceptive method during the first six weeks following childbirth. The results 
      of multivariable linear regression models indicated that the PPFP intention index 
      was predicted by description norms, perceptions of the larger community's 
      approval of PPFP, normative expectations, perceived behavioral control, 
      self-efficacy, and autonomy. Rejection of family planning myths and 
      misconceptions was also a significant predictor. Interaction terms suggested that 
      the association of normative expectations with PPFP intentions varied across 
      ethnic groups and that the positive association of injunctive norms with PPFP 
      intentions was significantly increased when the larger community was perceived to 
      disapprove of PPFP use. Normative expectations and PPFP-related self-efficacy 
      accounted for two-thirds of the variance in PPFP intentions. The results 
      suggested that understanding different normative influences may be important to 
      motivate women to use contraception in the immediate postpartum period. In 
      addition to addressing institutional, individual, and social determinants of 
      PPFP, programs should consider integrating norm-based and empowerment strategies.
FAU - Gage, Anastasia J
AU  - Gage AJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3785-3894
AD  - Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of 
      Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Wood, Francine E
AU  - Wood FE
AD  - Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of 
      Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Akilimali, Pierre Z
AU  - Akilimali PZ
AD  - Kinshasa School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic 
      Republic of Congo.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210709
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Democratic Republic of the Congo
MH  - *Family Planning Services
MH  - Female
MH  - *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Intention
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Male
MH  - *Mothers
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - *Postpartum Period
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Social Norms
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC8270160
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/07/10 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/17 06:00
PMCR- 2021/07/09
CRDT- 2021/07/09 17:22
PHST- 2020/05/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/09 17:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-20-12998 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0254085 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 Jul 9;16(7):e0254085. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254085. 
      eCollection 2021.