PMID- 34246050
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211020
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1095-8606 (Electronic)
IS  - 0047-2484 (Linking)
VI  - 157
DP  - 2021 Aug
TI  - Luminescence chronology for the Paleolithic site of Xinmiaozhuang Locality 1 
      (XMZ1) in the Nihewan Basin, northern China, and its paleoenvironmental and 
      archaeological implications.
PG  - 103033
LID - S0047-2484(21)00085-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103033 [doi]
AB  - In contrast to the prevailing view that the Chinese Paleolithic has been 
      dominated by the Mode 1 technology-with a slow and conservative development from 
      the Early to the Late Pleistocene-recent discoveries indicate that the lithic 
      technology might have developed into an 'advanced' phase in some parts of China, 
      at least since the early Late Pleistocene. The Xinmiaozhuang Locality 1 (XMZ1), 
      located on the southern edge of the Nihewan Basin in northern China, is one of 
      the examples belonging to such an 'advanced' phase. Although the stone artifacts 
      at this site still belong to the long-existing 'small-tool' industry 
      (core-and-flake) in this basin, some 'advanced' traits, including discoidal 
      cores, elongated flakes, and 'Mousterian-like' triangular points and scrapers, 
      are present. We provide a dating of the XMZ1 using the multiple elevated 
      temperatures (MET) post infrared (pIR) infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) 
      procedure (MET-pIRIR) on both multigrained single aliquots and 'individual' 
      grains of potassium-rich feldspars (K-feldspars). The consistency between the 
      single-aliquot and single-grain K-feldspar equivalent dose results mutually 
      confirmed the reliability of the obtained ages. Our chronology indicates that the 
      cultural layer falls within the period of ca. 63-75 ka, corresponding to the 
      early stage of the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4. Based on the correlation of the 
      cultural age to the environmental proxies of loess and stalagmites from China, we 
      suggest that the site might have witnessed dramatic fluctuations of paleoclimate 
      during the site formation. Additionally, based on the discoidal cores 
      distribution, a potential corridor along the Xuefeng-Wu-Tainhang-Great Khingan 
      Mountains for ancient humans migrating between South and North China is 
      suggested. However, more archaeological and chronological studies are required to 
      figure out the origin and the dispersal patterns of the discoidal core associated 
      with lithic assemblage and the tool-makers in East Asia.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Fagang
AU  - Wang F
AD  - Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Shijiazhuang, 
      050031, China.
FAU - Guo, Yujie
AU  - Guo Y
AD  - Institute of Nihewan Archaeology, College of History and Culture, Hebei Normal 
      University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China. Electronic address: yjguo@hebtu.edu.cn.
FAU - Xian, Qi
AU  - Xian Q
AD  - Institute of Nihewan Archaeology, College of History and Culture, Hebei Normal 
      University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
FAU - Li, Manyue
AU  - Li M
AD  - Institute of Nihewan Archaeology, College of History and Culture, Hebei Normal 
      University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
FAU - Rui, Xue
AU  - Rui X
AD  - College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.
FAU - Xie, Fei
AU  - Xie F
AD  - Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Shijiazhuang, 
      050031, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Historical Article
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210707
PL  - England
TA  - J Hum Evol
JT  - Journal of human evolution
JID - 0337330
SB  - IM
MH  - *Archaeology
MH  - China
MH  - *Environment
MH  - Fossils
MH  - History, Ancient
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Luminescence
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Technology/history
MH  - Tool Use Behavior
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Discoidal core
OT  - Marine Isotope Stages 4
OT  - Multiple elevated temperatures post infrared infrared stimulated luminescence 
      procedure
OT  - Nihewan Basin
OT  - Potassium-rich feldspar
OT  - Small-tool industry
EDAT- 2021/07/11 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/10 20:18
PHST- 2020/11/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/10 20:18 [entrez]
AID - S0047-2484(21)00085-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103033 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Hum Evol. 2021 Aug;157:103033. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103033. Epub 2021 Jul 
      7.