PMID- 34251530
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220615
LR  - 20220615
IS  - 0171-2004 (Print)
IS  - 0171-2004 (Linking)
VI  - 273
DP  - 2022
TI  - Brain Endothelial Cells: Metabolic Flux and Energy Metabolism.
PG  - 59-79
LID - 10.1007/164_2021_494 [doi]
AB  - The neurovascular unit (NVU) consists of multiple cell types including brain 
      endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and neurons that function collectively 
      to maintain homeostasis within the CNS microenvironment. As the principal 
      barrier-forming component of the NVU, the endothelial cells perform an array of 
      complex functions that require substantial energy resources. The principal 
      metabolic pathways for producing ATP are glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative 
      phosphorylation. While previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis is a 
      primary pathway for most endothelial cells, details about the energy producing 
      pathways of brain endothelial cells are not fully characterized. The 
      contributions of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration to energy metabolism 
      are quantifiable using metabolic flux analysis that measures cellular oxygen 
      consumption and acidification (proton production) in a closed microtiter plate 
      format. ATP production rates are then calculated. The bioenergetics of the human 
      brain microvascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3, indicate that these cells 
      exhibit relatively elevated rates of glycolytic flux and glycolytic ATP 
      production, thus confirming their glycolytic nature even in the presence of 
      abundant oxygen. Furthermore, energy producing pathways involving mitochondrial 
      respiration are relatively low, although contributing significantly to total ATP 
      production. Interestingly, the bioenergetics of the hCMEC/D3 cells are relatively 
      similar to those of human primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBVECs). 
      These findings allow a quantitative understanding of the bioenergetics of brain 
      endothelial cells in a cultured and proliferative state and also provide a 
      platform for comparative studies of disease states and conditions involving 
      exposures to drugs or metabolic disruptors.
CI  - (c) 2021. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
FAU - McDonald, Cade J
AU  - McDonald CJ
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth Medical School, 
      Duluth, MN, USA.
FAU - Blankenheim, Zachery J
AU  - Blankenheim ZJ
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth Medical School, 
      Duluth, MN, USA.
FAU - Drewes, Lester R
AU  - Drewes LR
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth Medical School, 
      Duluth, MN, USA. ldrewes@d.umn.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Germany
TA  - Handb Exp Pharmacol
JT  - Handbook of experimental pharmacology
JID - 7902231
RN  - 8L70Q75FXE (Adenosine Triphosphate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
MH  - Brain/metabolism
MH  - *Endothelial Cells/metabolism
MH  - *Energy Metabolism
MH  - Glycolysis
MH  - Humans
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bioenergetics
OT  - Endothelial cell
OT  - Glycolysis
OT  - Neurovascular unit
OT  - Respiration
EDAT- 2021/07/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/06/16 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/12 13:06
PHST- 2021/07/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/06/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/12 13:06 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/164_2021_494 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2022;273:59-79. doi: 10.1007/164_2021_494.