PMID- 34265562 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210929 LR - 20210929 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 288 DP - 2021 Nov 1 TI - A comprehensive assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in an Indian food basket: Levels, dietary intakes, and comparison with European data. PG - 117750 LID - S0269-7491(21)01332-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117750 [doi] AB - Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in diet are a health concern and their monitoring in food has been introduced in the European Union. In developing countries, EDC dietary exposure data are scarce, especially from areas perceived as pollution hotspots, including industrialized countries like India. Several persistent organic pollutants (POPs) act as EDCs and pose a pressure to human health mainly through dietary exposure. In the present study, a range of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), dioxins and furans were measured in several food items collected from Indian urban (Delhi) and peri-urban (Dehradun) areas. Food basket contamination data were used to estimate EDC dietary exposure and compare it with that of the average European population estimated from available monitoring data. All the target contaminants were found in most food items, especially in dairies and meat products. OCPs were the main contributers to the measured EDC contamination. Food supplied to Delhi's markets had higher EDC contamination than that supplied to the peri-urban market in Dehradun. Despite lax compliance and control measures, Indian dietary exposure of OCPs and PBDEs were comparable with that of Europe and were lower for PCBs and dioxins. Higher meat consumption in Europe only partly explained this pattern which was driven also by the higher EDC residues in some European food items. A substantial part of endocrine disrupting potential in the diet derives from food and animal feeds internationally traded between developed and developing countries. With increasingly globalized food systems, internationally harmonized policies on EDC content in food can lead to better protection of health in both these contexts. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Sharma, Brij Mohan AU - Sharma BM AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Bharat, Girija K AU - Bharat GK AD - Mu Gamma Consultants Pvt. Ltd., 122018, Gurugram, Haryana, India. FAU - Chakraborty, Paromita AU - Chakraborty P AD - SRM Institute of Science and Technology, 603203, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. FAU - Martinik, Jakub AU - Martinik J AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Audy, Ondrej AU - Audy O AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Kukucka, Petr AU - Kukucka P AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Pribylova, Petra AU - Pribylova P AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Kukreti, Praveen Kumar AU - Kukreti PK AD - The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), 110003, New Delhi, India. FAU - Sharma, Anezka AU - Sharma A AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Kalina, Jiri AU - Kalina J AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic. FAU - Steindal, Eirik Hovland AU - Steindal EH AD - Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Universitetstunet 3, 1432 As, Norway. FAU - Nizzetto, Luca AU - Nizzetto L AD - RECETOX, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: luca.nizzetto@niva.no. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210709 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers) RN - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated) RN - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Eating MH - *Endocrine Disruptors MH - Environmental Monitoring MH - *Environmental Pollutants/analysis MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers MH - Humans MH - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis MH - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) OT - Food contamination OT - Human exposure OT - Indian food basket OT - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) OT - Stockholm Convention EDAT- 2021/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/09/30 06:00 CRDT- 2021/07/15 20:23 PHST- 2021/03/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/07/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/09/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/15 20:23 [entrez] AID - S0269-7491(21)01332-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117750 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2021 Nov 1;288:117750. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117750. Epub 2021 Jul 9.