PMID- 34267324
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220201
LR  - 20230204
IS  - 1476-5497 (Electronic)
IS  - 0307-0565 (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 11
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Body fat, cardiovascular risk factors and brain structure in school-age children.
PG  - 2425-2431
LID - 10.1038/s41366-021-00913-3 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: In adults, cardiovascular risk factors are known to be associated 
      with brain health. We hypothesized that these associations are already present at 
      school-age. We examined the associations of adverse body fat measures and 
      cardiovascular risk factors with brain structure, including volumetric measures 
      and white matter microstructure, in 10-year-old children. METHODS: We performed a 
      cross-sectional analysis in a population-based prospective cohort study in 
      Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Analyses were based on 3098 children aged 10 years 
      with neuroimaging data and at least one measurement of body fat and 
      cardiovascular risk factors. Body fat measures included body mass index (BMI), 
      fat mass index and android fat mass percentage obtained by Dual-energy X-ray 
      absorptiometry. Cardiovascular risk factors included blood pressure, and serum 
      glucose, insulin and lipids blood concentrations. Structural neuroimaging, 
      including global and regional brain volumes, was quantified by magnetic resonance 
      imaging. DTI was used to assess white matter microstructure, including global 
      fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). RESULTS: As compared to 
      children with a normal weight, those with underweight had a smaller total brain 
      and white matter volumes (differences -18.10 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 
      -30.97,-5.22) cm(3), -10.64 (95% CI -16.82,-4.47) cm(3), respectively). In 
      contrast, one SDS (Standard Deviation Score) increase in fat mass index was 
      associated with a smaller gray matter volume (differences -3.48 (95% CI -16.82, 
      -4.47) cm(3)). Also, one SDS increase in android fat mass percentage was 
      associated with lower white matter diffusivity (difference -0.06 (95% CI -0.10, 
      -0.02) SDS). None of the other cardiovascular risk factors were associated with 
      any of the brain outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Body fat measures, but not other 
      cardiovascular risk factors, were associated with structural neuroimaging 
      outcomes in school-aged children. Prospective studies are needed to assess 
      causality, direction and long-term consequences of the associations.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
FAU - Silva, Carolina C V
AU  - Silva CCV
AD  - Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Jaddoe, Vincent W V
AU  - Jaddoe VWV
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2939-0041
AD  - Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Muetzel, Ryan L
AU  - Muetzel RL
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - Santos, Susana
AU  - Santos S
AD  - Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Generation R Study Group, 
      Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
FAU - El Marroun, Hanan
AU  - El Marroun H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9763-5015
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. h.marrounel@erasmusmc.nl.
AD  - Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University 
      Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. h.marrounel@erasmusmc.nl.
AD  - Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University 
      Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. h.marrounel@erasmusmc.nl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210715
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Obes (Lond)
JT  - International journal of obesity (2005)
JID - 101256108
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/abnormalities/*physiopathology
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Brain/abnormalities/*physiopathology
MH  - Child
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - *Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Netherlands/epidemiology
MH  - Risk Factors
EDAT- 2021/07/17 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/02 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/16 06:26
PHST- 2021/03/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/07/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/16 06:26 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41366-021-00913-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41366-021-00913-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Obes (Lond). 2021 Nov;45(11):2425-2431. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00913-3. 
      Epub 2021 Jul 15.