PMID- 34270610
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211110
LR  - 20211110
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 7
DP  - 2021
TI  - Microbially induced calcite precipitation performance of multiple landfill 
      indigenous bacteria compared to a commercially available bacteria in porous 
      media.
PG  - e0254676
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0254676 [doi]
LID - e0254676
AB  - Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) is currently viewed as one of 
      the potential prominent processes for field applications towards the prevention 
      of soil erosion, healing cracks in bricks, and groundwater contamination. 
      Typically, the bacteria involved in MICP manipulate their environment leading to 
      calcite precipitation with an enzyme such as urease, causing calcite crystals to 
      form on the surface of grains forming cementation bonds between particles that 
      help in reducing soil permeability and increase overall compressive strength. In 
      this paper, the main focus is to study the MICP performance of three indigenous 
      landfill bacteria against a well-known commercially bought MICP bacteria 
      (Bacillus megaterium) using sand columns. In order to check the viability of the 
      method for potential field conditions, the tests were carried out at slightly 
      less favourable environmental conditions, i.e., at temperatures between 15-17 degrees C 
      and without the addition of urease enzymes. Furthermore, the sand was loose 
      without any compaction to imitate real ground conditions. The results showed that 
      the indigenous bacteria yielded similar permeability reduction (4.79 E-05 to 5.65 
      E-05) and calcium carbonate formation (14.4-14.7%) to the control bacteria 
      (Bacillus megaterium), which had permeability reduction of 4.56 E-5 and CaCO3 of 
      13.6%. Also, reasonably good unconfined compressive strengths (160-258 kPa) were 
      noted for the indigenous bacteria samples (160 kPa). SEM and XRD showed the 
      variation of biocrystals formation mainly detected as Calcite and Vaterite. 
      Overall, all of the indigenous bacteria performed slightly better than the 
      control bacteria in strength, permeability, and CaCO3 precipitation. In 
      retrospect, this study provides clear evidence that the indigenous bacteria in 
      such environments can provide similar calcite precipitation potential as 
      well-documented bacteria from cell culture banks. Hence, the idea of MICP field 
      application through biostimulation of indigenous bacteria rather than 
      bioaugmentation can become a reality in the near future.
FAU - Rajasekar, Adharsh
AU  - Rajasekar A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1917-0494
AD  - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution 
      Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and 
      Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), Nanjing University of Information Science 
      &Technology, Nanjing, China.
FAU - Moy, Charles K S
AU  - Moy CKS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4306-1869
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
FAU - Wilkinson, Stephen
AU  - Wilkinson S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9400-4747
AD  - Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong in 
      Dubai, Dubai, UAE.
FAU - Sekar, Raju
AU  - Sekar R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1182-9004
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 
      Jiangsu, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210716
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Sand)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bacillus/metabolism
MH  - Calcium Carbonate/*chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Chemical Precipitation
MH  - Conservation of Natural Resources/methods
MH  - *Microbiota
MH  - Sand/chemistry/microbiology
MH  - Soil/chemistry
MH  - *Soil Microbiology
PMC - PMC8284826
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/07/17 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/11 06:00
PMCR- 2021/07/16
CRDT- 2021/07/16 17:35
PHST- 2021/04/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/16 17:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/07/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-21-11260 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0254676 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 Jul 16;16(7):e0254676. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254676. 
      eCollection 2021.