PMID- 34278802 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211029 LR - 20230921 IS - 2047-9980 (Electronic) IS - 2047-9980 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 15 DP - 2021 Aug 3 TI - Is Transposition of the Great Arteries Associated With Shortening of the Intrapericardial Portions of the Great Arterial Trunks? An Echocardiographic Analysis on Newborn Infants With Simple Transposition of the Great Arteries to Explore an Animal Model-Based Hypothesis on Human Beings. PG - e019334 LID - 10.1161/JAHA.120.019334 [doi] LID - e019334 AB - Background The pathogenesis of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) as a congenital heart defect of the outflow tract with discordant ventriculoarterial connections remains an enigma. TGA usually have parallel great arteries suggesting that deficient torsion of the embryonic arterial heart pole might cause discordant ventriculoarterial connections. It has been speculated that deficient elongation of the embryonic outflow tract might prevent its normal torsion resulting in TGA. The aim of our study was to clarify whether the intrapericardial portions of the great arteries in human patients with TGA might be indeed shorter than in normal hearts. Methods and Results Thirty-four newborns with simple TGA and 35 newborns with normal hearts were analyzed by using images of the outflow tract in their echocardiograms and the following defined lengths of the great arteries were measured: aortic length 1, (AoL-1) and aortic length 2 (AoL-2) = distance between left and right aortic valve level and origin of the brachiocephalic artery, respectively. Pulmonary trunk length 1 (PTL-1) and pulmonary trunk length 2 (PTL 2) = distance between left and right pulmonary valve level and origin of left and right pulmonary artery, respectively. All measurements of the AoL were significantly shorter in TGA compared to normal hearts (AoL-1: 1.6+/-0.2 versus 2.05+/-0.1; P<0.0001; AoL-2: 1.55+/-0.2 versus 2.13+/-0.1; P<0.0001). With regard to the pulmonary trunk (PT), PTL-1 and PTL-2 were found to be shorter and longer, respectively, in TGA compared with normal hearts, reflecting the differences in the spatial arrangement of the PT between the 2 groups as in TGA the PT is showing a mirror image of the normal anatomy. However, the overall length of the PT between the 2 groups did not differ. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that, compared with normal newborns, the ascending aorta is significantly shorter in newborns with TGA whereas the overall length of the PT does not differ between the 2 groups. This finding is in accord with the animal model-based hypothesis that TGA may result from a growth deficit at the arterial pole of the embryonic heart. FAU - Omer, Seham O AU - Omer SO AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Alhabshan, Fahad M AU - Alhabshan FM AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jijeh, Abdulraouf M Z AU - Jijeh AMZ AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Caimbon, Natalia C AU - Caimbon NC AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Enriquez, Carmelita C AU - Enriquez CC AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. FAU - Manner, Jorg AU - Manner J AD - Institute for Anatomy and Embryology UMGGeorg-August-University of Gottingen Gottingen Germany. FAU - Yelbuz, Talat Mesud AU - Yelbuz TM AD - Department of Cardiac Sciences King Abdulaziz Cardiac CenterMinistry of National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. AD - King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210719 PL - England TA - J Am Heart Assoc JT - Journal of the American Heart Association JID - 101580524 SB - IM MH - Anatomic Landmarks MH - Animals MH - Aorta/abnormalities/*diagnostic imaging MH - Brachiocephalic Trunk/abnormalities/*diagnostic imaging MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Echocardiography MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Predictive Value of Tests MH - Prospective Studies MH - Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities/*diagnostic imaging MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Transposition of Great Vessels/*diagnostic imaging PMC - PMC8475693 OTO - NOTNLM OT - echocardiography OT - infants OT - outflow tract OT - pathogenesis OT - transposition of the great arteries COIS- None. EDAT- 2021/07/20 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/30 06:00 PMCR- 2021/08/03 CRDT- 2021/07/19 08:39 PHST- 2021/07/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/30 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/07/19 08:39 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JAH36473 [pii] AID - 10.1161/JAHA.120.019334 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Aug 3;10(15):e019334. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.019334. Epub 2021 Jul 19.