PMID- 34293601
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211025
LR  - 20211025
IS  - 1873-2380 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9290 (Linking)
VI  - 126
DP  - 2021 Sep 20
TI  - Flow inside a bone scaffold: Visualization using 3D phase contrast MRI and 
      comparison with numerical simulations.
PG  - 110625
LID - S0021-9290(21)00396-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110625 [doi]
AB  - We report on results of experimental flow measurements inside a bone scaffold 
      model, subjected to a uniform incoming flow (applied perfusion). Understanding 
      the flow behavior inside a tissue engineered scaffold is essential for 
      mechanistic studies of mechanobiology, particularly flow-sensitive bone cells. 
      Nearly all existing studies that quantify interstitial flow inside engineered 
      bone scaffolds have been based on numerical results, in part due to the 
      difficulties associated with quantitative measurements and visualization of flow 
      inside large, opaque bone or bone mimics. Thus, an experimental platform to 
      complement and validate in silico studies is needed. Therefore, we developed a 
      flow visualization method using Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging 
      (PC-MRI) to measure flow velocities within a 3D-printed microCT-based rendering 
      of a bone scaffold. We designed and built a non-magnetic recirculating water 
      tunnel to apply uniform perfusion to the 3D-printed model and we measured flow 
      distribution within the scaffold and compared these experimental results with CFD 
      results. Both magnitude and distribution of flow velocities observed at different 
      slices of the scaffold were in quantitative agreement numerically and 
      experimentally. This experimental approach can be used to both validate numerical 
      studies and provide insight into the flow behavior inside tissue-engineered 
      scaffolds for a range of applications, including fundamental mechanobiology of 
      healthy cells, and in the context of diseases, such as cancer.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Han, Suyue
AU  - Han S
AD  - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 
      Amherst, MA, USA.
FAU - Currier, Todd
AU  - Currier T
AD  - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 
      Amherst, MA, USA.
FAU - Edraki, Mahdiar
AU  - Edraki M
AD  - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 
      Amherst, MA, USA.
FAU - Liu, Boyuan
AU  - Liu B
AD  - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 
      Amherst, MA, USA.
FAU - Lynch, Maureen E
AU  - Lynch ME
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Boulder, CO, USA.
FAU - Modarres-Sadeghi, Yahya
AU  - Modarres-Sadeghi Y
AD  - Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, 
      Amherst, MA, USA. Electronic address: modarres@engin.umass.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20210712
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomech
JT  - Journal of biomechanics
JID - 0157375
SB  - IM
MH  - Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Computer Simulation
MH  - *Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Perfusion
MH  - *Tissue Scaffolds
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bone scaffold
OT  - Interstitial fluid flow
OT  - MRI visualization
EDAT- 2021/07/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/26 06:00
CRDT- 2021/07/22 20:17
PHST- 2020/11/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/07/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/07/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/22 20:17 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9290(21)00396-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110625 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomech. 2021 Sep 20;126:110625. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110625. Epub 2021 
      Jul 12.