PMID- 34343215
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211126
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021
TI  - Parent reports of children's emotional and behavioral problems in a low- and 
      middle- income country (LMIC): An epidemiological study of Nepali schoolchildren.
PG  - e0255596
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0255596 [doi]
LID - e0255596
AB  - BACKGROUND: As epidemiological data on child mental health in low- and 
      middle-income countries are limited, a large-scale survey was undertaken to 
      estimate the prevalence and amount of child emotional and behavioral problems 
      (EBP) in Nepal as reported by the parents. METHODS: 3820 schoolchildren aged 6-18 
      years were selected from 16 districts of the three geographical regions of Nepal, 
      including rural, semi-urban and urban areas. We used the Nepali version of the 
      Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)/6-18 years as screening instrument. Comparisons 
      of child problems between genders and between the seven largest castes and ethnic 
      groups were carried out by analysis of variance. Prevalence was computed based on 
      American norms. RESULTS: Adjusted prevalence of Total Problems was 18.3% (boys: 
      19.1%; girls:17.6%). The prevalence of internalizing problems was higher than 
      externalizing problems. The mean scores of Total, Externalizing, and 
      Internalizing problems were 29.7 (SD 25.6), 7.7 (SD 8.0), and 9.1 (SD 8.1), 
      respectively. The Khas Kaami (Dalit) group scored the highest, and the indigenous 
      Tharu group scored the lowest on all scales. In the Mountains and Middle Hills 
      regions, problem scores were higher in the rural areas, whereas in the Tarai 
      region, they were higher in the urban areas. CONCLUSION: The prevalence and 
      magnitude of emotional and behavioral problems in Nepali children were found to 
      be high compared to findings in meta-analyses worldwide. Problem scores varied 
      according to gender, castes /ethnic groups, and living areas. Our findings 
      highlight the need for a stronger focus on child mental problems in a low-and 
      middle-income country like Nepal.
FAU - Ma, Jasmine
AU  - Ma J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6374-1039
AD  - Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, 
      Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
AD  - Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, 
      Nepal.
FAU - Mahat, Pashupati
AU  - Mahat P
AD  - Centre for Mental Health and Counseling, Kathmandu, Nepal.
FAU - Brondbo, Per Hakan
AU  - Brondbo PH
AD  - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University 
      of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Handegard, Bjorn H
AU  - Handegard BH
AD  - Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, 
      Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Kvernmo, Siv
AU  - Kvernmo S
AD  - Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic 
      University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
FAU - Javo, Anne Cecilie
AU  - Javo AC
AD  - Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -North, 
      Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
AD  - Sami National Competence Center for Mental Health, Sami Klinihkka, Finnmark 
      Hospital Trust, Karasjok, Norway.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210803
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child Behavior Disorders/economics/*epidemiology
MH  - Emotions/*physiology
MH  - Ethnicity/*psychology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Nepal/epidemiology
MH  - *Parents
MH  - Poverty/*psychology/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Problem Behavior/*psychology
PMC - PMC8330921
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/08/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/27 06:00
PMCR- 2021/08/03
CRDT- 2021/08/03 17:24
PHST- 2021/03/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/03 17:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/08/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/08/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-21-07867 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0255596 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 Aug 3;16(8):e0255596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255596. 
      eCollection 2021.