PMID- 34360810
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210913
LR  - 20210913
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 15
DP  - 2021 Jul 28
TI  - Review of Dendritic Cells, Their Role in Clinical Immunology, and Distribution in 
      Various Animal Species.
LID - 10.3390/ijms22158044 [doi]
LID - 8044
AB  - Dendritic cells (DCs) are cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) 
      of the bone marrow and form a widely distributed cellular system throughout the 
      body. They are the most efficient, potent, and professional antigen-presenting 
      cells (APCs) of the immune system, inducing and dispersing a primary immune 
      response by the activation of naive T-cells, and playing an important role in the 
      induction and maintenance of immune tolerance under homeostatic conditions. Thus, 
      this review has elucidated the general aspects of DCs as well as the current 
      dynamic perspectives and distribution of DCs in humans and in various species of 
      animals that includes mouse, rat, birds, dog, cat, horse, cattle, sheep, pig, and 
      non-human primates. Besides the role that DCs play in immune response, they also 
      play a pathogenic role in many diseases, thus becoming a target in disease 
      prevention and treatment. In addition, its roles in clinical immunology have also 
      been addressed, which include its involvement in transplantation, autoimmune 
      disease, viral infections, cancer, and as a vaccine target. Therefore, based on 
      the current knowledge and understanding of the important roles they play, DCs can 
      be used in the future as a powerful tool for manipulating the immune system.
FAU - Zanna, Mohammed Yusuf
AU  - Zanna MY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8798-1646
AD  - Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Yasmin, Abd Rahaman
AU  - Yasmin AR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5217-565X
AD  - Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
AD  - Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti 
      Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Omar, Abdul Rahman
AU  - Omar AR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7379-0507
AD  - Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti 
      Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Arshad, Siti Suri
AU  - Arshad SS
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Mariatulqabtiah, Abdul Razak
AU  - Mariatulqabtiah AR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6999-0207
AD  - Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti 
      Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
AD  - Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and 
      Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, 
      Malaysia.
FAU - Nur-Fazila, Saulol Hamid
AU  - Nur-Fazila SH
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
FAU - Mahiza, Md Isa Nur
AU  - Mahiza MIN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0968-0244
AD  - Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
LA  - eng
GR  - FASA 1/2018 (5540119)/Fundamental Research Grant Scheme offer (FRGS), Ministry of 
      Education, Government of Malaysia/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210728
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
MH  - Dendritic Cells/cytology/*immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neoplasms/immunology
MH  - Virus Diseases/immunology
PMC - PMC8348663
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - animal species
OT  - clinical immunology
OT  - dendritic cells (DCs)
OT  - human
COIS- The authors declared that they have no conflict of interest. The funders had no 
      role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation 
      of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the 
      result.
EDAT- 2021/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/14 06:00
PMCR- 2021/07/28
CRDT- 2021/08/07 01:07
PHST- 2021/04/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/06/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/07 01:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/07/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms22158044 [pii]
AID - ijms-22-08044 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms22158044 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 28;22(15):8044. doi: 10.3390/ijms22158044.