PMID- 34390879
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211209
LR  - 20211214
IS  - 1873-1597 (Electronic)
IS  - 1572-1000 (Linking)
VI  - 36
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Evaluation of subclinical alterations in retinal layers and microvascular 
      structures with OCT and OCTA in healthy young short-term smokers.
PG  - 102482
LID - S1572-1000(21)00306-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102482 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To detect the changes that can be determined with optical coherence 
      tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in young and 
      short-term smokers. METHOD: In this cross-sectional, observational, and 
      comparative study, 45 "healthy" smokers and 45 healthy non-smoker control 
      participants were included. Those with a smoking history between 1 year to 5 
      years and an average of 10-30 cigarettes per day were included in the study. OCT 
      and OCTA measurements were made at least 60 min after smoking and at least 8 h 
      after caffeine-containing beverages in order to end the effect of nicotine on 
      systemic and retinal blood flow in the smoking group. RESULTS: The mean smoking 
      period was 2.2 +/- 0.13 years. Mean macular thickness(MMT), retinal nerve fiber 
      layer(RNFL), and choroidal thickness(Cht) were significantly lower in the smoker 
      group, while ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GC-IPL) thickness was higher. 
      Vessel density(VD) values were similar between groups, while perfusion 
      density(PD) values were significantly higher in the smoker group. There were 
      significant correlations between MMT and outer VD, outer PD, foveal avascular 
      zone(FAZ) perimeter and circularity index. FAZ area and central VD and PD were 
      inversely correlated. Also, FAZ circularity index and subfoveal, nasal, and 
      temporal ChTs were positively correlated. CONCLUSION: Despite the short-term 
      smoking, ischemic effects were observed in retinochoroidal and vascular 
      structures.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Isik, Mehmed Ugur
AU  - Isik MU
AD  - Kastamonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kastamonu, 
      Turkey. Electronic address: mehmedugur@windowslive.com.
FAU - Akay, Fahrettin
AU  - Akay F
AD  - Katip Celebi University Ataturk Educating and Research Hospital, Department of 
      Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey.
FAU - Akmaz, Berkay
AU  - Akmaz B
AD  - Katip Celebi University Ataturk Educating and Research Hospital, Department of 
      Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey.
FAU - Guven, Yusuf Ziya
AU  - Guven YZ
AD  - Katip Celebi University Ataturk Educating and Research Hospital, Department of 
      Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey.
FAU - Sahin, Omer Faruk
AU  - Sahin OF
AD  - Etimesgut State Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara, Turkey.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
DEP - 20210811
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther
JT  - Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy
JID - 101226123
RN  - 0 (Photosensitizing Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Fluorescein Angiography
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Photochemotherapy/methods
MH  - Photosensitizing Agents
MH  - Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging
MH  - *Smokers
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Optical coherence tomography
OT  - Optical coherence tomography angiography
OT  - Smoking
EDAT- 2021/08/15 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/08/14 20:13
PHST- 2021/05/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/08/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/08/14 20:13 [entrez]
AID - S1572-1000(21)00306-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102482 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Dec;36:102482. doi: 
      10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102482. Epub 2021 Aug 11.