PMID- 34416852
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210826
LR  - 20210826
IS  - 1471-244X (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-244X (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Aug 20
TI  - Gender differences in the risk of depressive disorders following the loss of a 
      young child: a nationwide population-based longitudinal study.
PG  - 414
LID - 10.1186/s12888-021-03421-w [doi]
LID - 414
AB  - BACKGROUND: Losing a child to death is one of the most stressful life events 
      experienced in adulthood. The aim of the current study is to investigate parental 
      risk of seeking treatment for major depression disorders (MDD) after a child's 
      death and to explore whether such connection may operate differentially by 
      parents' prior medical condition. METHODS: We studied a retrospective cohort of 
      7245 parents (2987 mothers and 4258 fathers) identified in the National Health 
      Insurance Research Database of Taiwan (NHIRD) who had lost a child with age 
      between 1 and 12 years. For comparison, the parents of 1:4 birth year- and 
      gender-matched non-deceased children were retrieved (16,512 mothers and 17,753 
      fathers). Gender-specific Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate 
      risk. RESULTS: Nearly 5.0% and 2.4% of bereaved mothers and fathers sought 
      treatment for MDD within three years after a child's death, significantly higher 
      than 0.8% and 0.5% in the non-bereaved parents. With covariate adjustment, the 
      hazard ratio (HR) for maternal and paternal seeking treatment for MDD was 
      estimated 4.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.35-6.64) and 1.93 (95% CI: 
      1.27-2.95), respectively. The increased risk of MDD varied by prior disease 
      history; specifically, the increased risk of seeking treatment for MDD was 
      especially prominent for those without chronic physical condition (CPC) (e.g., 
      mothers with CPC: aHR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.56-3.65 vs. no CPC: aHR = 9.55, 95% CI: 
      6.17-14.79). CONCLUSIONS: After the death of a child, parental elevated risk of 
      MDD was especially prominent for the women and those without prior medical 
      condition. Effective strategies addressing bereavement may require family-based, 
      integrated physical and mental healthcare and even extended counseling service.
CI  - (c) 2021. The Author(s).
FAU - Chen, Hsin-Hung
AU  - Chen HH
AD  - Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, The Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans 
      General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
AD  - Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, 
      Sec. 2, St. Linong, Taipei City, Taiwan, 112.
FAU - Wang, I-An
AU  - Wang IA
AD  - Center of Neuropsychiatric Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Fang, Shao-You
AU  - Fang SY
AD  - Center of Neuropsychiatric Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 
      Taiwan.
FAU - Chou, Yiing-Jenq
AU  - Chou YJ
AD  - Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, 
      Sec. 2, St. Linong, Taipei City, Taiwan, 112.
FAU - Chen, Chuan-Yu
AU  - Chen CY
AD  - Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, 
      Sec. 2, St. Linong, Taipei City, Taiwan, 112. chuanychen@nycu.edu.tw.
AD  - Center of Neuropsychiatric Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, 
      Taiwan. chuanychen@nycu.edu.tw.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210820
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Psychiatry
JT  - BMC psychiatry
JID - 100968559
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Bereavement
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Depressive Disorder
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Sex Factors
PMC - PMC8377956
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bereavement effects
OT  - Death of a child
OT  - Major depressive disorder
OT  - Treatment seeking
COIS- On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/08/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/27 06:00
PMCR- 2021/08/20
CRDT- 2021/08/21 05:20
PHST- 2021/03/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/21 05:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/08/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/08/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12888-021-03421-w [pii]
AID - 3421 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12888-021-03421-w [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Aug 20;21(1):414. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03421-w.