PMID- 34421523
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230920
IS  - 1662-4548 (Print)
IS  - 1662-453X (Electronic)
IS  - 1662-453X (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2021
TI  - Spatial Connectivity and Temporal Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity of 
      Musical Emotions Evoked by Dynamically Changing Tempo.
PG  - 700154
LID - 10.3389/fnins.2021.700154 [doi]
LID - 700154
AB  - Music tempo is closely connected to listeners' musical emotion and 
      multifunctional neural activities. Music with increasing tempo evokes higher 
      emotional responses and music with decreasing tempo enhances relaxation. However, 
      the neural substrate of emotion evoked by dynamically changing tempo is still 
      unclear. To investigate the spatial connectivity and temporal dynamic functional 
      network connectivity (dFNC) of musical emotion evoked by dynamically changing 
      tempo, we collected dynamic emotional ratings and conducted group independent 
      component analysis (ICA), sliding time window correlations, and k-means 
      clustering to assess the FNC of emotion evoked by music with decreasing tempo 
      (180-65 bpm) and increasing tempo (60-180 bpm). Music with decreasing tempo (with 
      more stable dynamic valences) evoked higher valence than increasing tempo both 
      with stronger independent components (ICs) in the default mode network (DMN) and 
      sensorimotor network (SMN). The dFNC analysis showed that with time-decreasing 
      FNC across the whole brain, emotion evoked by decreasing music was associated 
      with strong spatial connectivity within the DMN and SMN. Meanwhile, it was 
      associated with strong FNC between the DMN-frontoparietal network (FPN) and 
      DMN-cingulate-opercular network (CON). The paired t-test showed that music with a 
      decreasing tempo evokes stronger activation of ICs within DMN and SMN than that 
      with an increasing tempo, which indicated that faster music is more likely to 
      enhance listeners' emotions with multifunctional brain activities even when the 
      tempo is slowing down. With increasing FNC across the whole brain, music with an 
      increasing tempo was associated with strong connectivity within FPN; 
      time-decreasing connectivity was found within CON, SMN, VIS, and between CON and 
      SMN, which explained its unstable valence during the dynamic valence rating. 
      Overall, the FNC can help uncover the spatial and temporal neural substrates of 
      musical emotions evoked by dynamically changing tempi.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Liu, Lian, Zhao, Tang and Liu.
FAU - Liu, Ying
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
AD  - School of Music, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
FAU - Lian, Weili
AU  - Lian W
AD  - College of Preschool Education, Chongqing Youth Vocational and Technical College, 
      Chongqing, China.
FAU - Zhao, Xingcong
AU  - Zhao X
AD  - School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 
      Chongqing, China.
FAU - Tang, Qingting
AU  - Tang Q
AD  - Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
FAU - Liu, Guangyuan
AU  - Liu G
AD  - School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 
      Chongqing, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210805
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurosci
JT  - Frontiers in neuroscience
JID - 101478481
PMC - PMC8375772
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - dFNC
OT  - decreasing tempo
OT  - increasing tempo
OT  - music-evoked emotion
OT  - spatial connectivity
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/08/24 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/24 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/08/23 06:25
PHST- 2021/04/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/23 06:25 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/08/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnins.2021.700154 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurosci. 2021 Aug 5;15:700154. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.700154. eCollection 
      2021.