PMID- 34453901 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220106 LR - 20220106 IS - 1096-0953 (Electronic) IS - 0013-9351 (Linking) VI - 204 IP - Pt A DP - 2022 Mar TI - Short-term associations between barbecue fumes and respiratory health in young adults. PG - 111868 LID - S0013-9351(21)01162-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111868 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have associated biomass combustion with (respiratory) morbidity and mortality, primarily in indoor settings. Barbecuing results in high outdoor air pollution exposures, but the health effects are unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate short-term changes in respiratory health in healthy adults, associated with exposure to barbecue fumes. METHODS: 16 healthy, adult volunteers were exposed to barbecue smoke in outdoor air in rest during 1.5 h, using a repeated-measures design. Major air pollutants were monitored on-site, including particulate matter <2.5 mum (PM(2.5)), particle number concentrations (PNC) and black- and brown carbon. At the same place and time-of-day, subjects participated in a control session, during which they were not exposed to barbecue smoke. Before and immediately after all sessions lung function was measured. Before, immediately after, 4- and 18 h post-sessions nasal expression levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFalpha) were determined in nasal swabs, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Associations between major air pollutants, lung function and inflammatory markers were assessed using mixed linear regression models. RESULTS: High PM(2.5) levels and PNCs were observed during barbecue sessions, with averages ranging from 553 to 1062 mug/m(3) and 109,000-463,000 pt/cm(3), respectively. Average black- and brown carbon levels ranged between 4.1-13.0 and 5.0-16.2 mug/m(3). A 1000 mug/m(3) increase in PM(2.5) was associated with 2.37 (0.97, 4.67) and 2.21 (0.98, 5.00) times higher expression of IL8, immediately- and 18 h after exposure. No associations were found between air pollutants and lung function, or the expression of IL6 or TNFalpha. DISCUSSION: Short-term exposure to air pollutants emitted from barbecuing was associated with a mild respiratory response in healthy young adults, including prolonged increase in nasal IL8 without a change in lung function and other measured inflammatory markers. The results might indicate prolonged respiratory inflammation, due to short-term exposure to barbecue fumes. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Lenssen, Esther S AU - Lenssen ES AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: E.S.Lenssen@uu.nl. FAU - Pieters, Raymond H H AU - Pieters RHH AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: R.H.H.Pieters@uu.nl. FAU - Nijmeijer, Sandra M AU - Nijmeijer SM AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: S.M.Nijmeijer@uu.nl. FAU - Oldenwening, Marieke AU - Oldenwening M AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: M.Oldenwening@uu.nl. FAU - Meliefste, Kees AU - Meliefste K AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: C.Meliefste@uu.nl. FAU - Hoek, Gerard AU - Hoek G AD - Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: G.Hoek@uu.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210826 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Res JT - Environmental research JID - 0147621 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Gases) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) SB - IM MH - *Air Pollutants/analysis/toxicity MH - *Air Pollution/analysis MH - Environmental Exposure/analysis MH - Gases MH - Humans MH - Particulate Matter/analysis/toxicity MH - Respiratory System MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Barbecue fumes OT - Inflammation OT - Inhalation exposure OT - Particulate matter OT - Respiratory health effects EDAT- 2021/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2022/01/07 06:00 CRDT- 2021/08/28 20:08 PHST- 2021/03/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/08/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/08/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/01/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/08/28 20:08 [entrez] AID - S0013-9351(21)01162-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111868 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Res. 2022 Mar;204(Pt A):111868. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111868. Epub 2021 Aug 26.