PMID- 34458761 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210831 IS - 2633-0679 (Electronic) IS - 2633-0679 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Oct 1 TI - Harnessing the PD-L1 interface peptide for positron emission tomography imaging of the PD-1 immune checkpoint. PG - 214-224 LID - 10.1039/d0cb00070a [doi] AB - Interface peptides that mediate protein-protein interactions (PPI) are a class of important lead compounds for designing PPI inhibitors. However, their potential as precursors for radiotracers has never been exploited. Here we report that the interface peptides from programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) can be used in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) with high accuracy and sensitivity. Moreover, the performance differentiation between murine PD-L1 derived interface peptide (mPep-1) and human PD-L1 derived interface peptide (hPep-1) as PET tracers for PD-1 unveiled an unprecedented role of a non-critical residue in target binding, highlighting the significance of PET imaging as a companion diagnostic in drug development. Collectively, this study not only provided a first-of-its-kind peptide-based PET tracer for PD-1 but also conveyed a unique paradigm for developing imaging agents for highly challenging protein targets, which could be used to identify other protein biomarkers involved in the PPI networks. CI - This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry. FAU - Hu, Kuan AU - Hu K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2448-2254 AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Xie, Lin AU - Xie L AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Hanyu, Masayuki AU - Hanyu M AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Zhang, Yiding AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Li, Lingyun AU - Li L AD - School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China wangwz@bit.edu.cn. FAU - Ma, Xiaohui AU - Ma X AD - Department of Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army Beijing 100853 P. R. China. FAU - Nagatsu, Kotaro AU - Nagatsu K AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Suzuki, Hisashi AU - Suzuki H AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. FAU - Wang, Weizhi AU - Wang W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7310-4068 AD - School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China wangwz@bit.edu.cn. FAU - Zhang, Ming-Rong AU - Zhang MR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3001-9605 AD - Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Chiba, 263-8555 Japan zhang.ming-rong@qst.go.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200827 PL - England TA - RSC Chem Biol JT - RSC chemical biology JID - 101768727 PMC - PMC8341843 COIS- There are no conflicts to declare. EDAT- 2021/08/31 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/31 06:01 PMCR- 2020/08/27 CRDT- 2021/08/30 06:08 PHST- 2020/05/15 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/08/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/08/30 06:08 [entrez] PHST- 2021/08/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/31 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - d0cb00070a [pii] AID - 10.1039/d0cb00070a [doi] PST - epublish SO - RSC Chem Biol. 2020 Aug 27;1(4):214-224. doi: 10.1039/d0cb00070a. eCollection 2020 Oct 1.