PMID- 34464410
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211123
LR  - 20231107
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021
TI  - The expression of delta opioid receptor mRNA in adult male zebra finches 
      (Taenopygia guttata).
PG  - e0256599
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0256599 [doi]
LID - e0256599
AB  - The endogenous opioid system is evolutionarily conserved across reptiles, birds 
      and mammals and is known to modulate varied brain functions such as learning, 
      memory, cognition and reward. To date, most of the behavioral and anatomical 
      studies in songbirds have mainly focused on mu-opioid receptors (ORs). Expression 
      patterns of delta-ORs in zebra finches, a well-studied species of songbird have not 
      yet been reported, possibly due to the high sequence similarity amongst different 
      opioid receptors. In the present study, a specific riboprobe against the delta-OR 
      mRNA was used to perform fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on sections 
      from the male zebra finch brain. We found that delta-OR mRNA was expressed in 
      different parts of the pallium, basal ganglia, cerebellum and the hippocampus. 
      Amongst the song control and auditory nuclei, HVC (abbreviation used as a formal 
      name) and NIf (nucleus interfacialis nidopallii) strongly express delta-OR mRNA and 
      stand out from the surrounding nidopallium. Whereas the expression of delta-OR mRNA 
      is moderate in LMAN (lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium), 
      it is low in the MSt (medial striatum), Area X, DLM (dorsolateral nucleus of the 
      medial thalamus), RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium) of the song control 
      circuit and Field L, Ov (nucleus ovoidalis) and MLd (nucleus mesencephalicus 
      lateralis, pars dorsalis) of the auditory pathway. Our results suggest that delta-ORs 
      may be involved in modulating singing, song learning as well as spatial learning 
      in zebra finches.
FAU - Parishar, Pooja
AU  - Parishar P
AD  - National Brain Research Centre, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
FAU - Sehgal, Neha
AU  - Sehgal N
AD  - National Brain Research Centre, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
FAU - Iyengar, Soumya
AU  - Iyengar S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2060-6996
AD  - National Brain Research Centre, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210831
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Opioid, delta)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Basal Ganglia/metabolism
MH  - Brain/*metabolism
MH  - Cerebellum/metabolism
MH  - Finches/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Hippocampus/metabolism
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Male
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Opioid, delta/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Vocalization, Animal/physiology
PMC - PMC8407588
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/09/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/24 06:00
PMCR- 2021/08/31
CRDT- 2021/08/31 17:21
PHST- 2021/02/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/10 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/08/31 17:21 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/09/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/08/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-21-05918 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0256599 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 Aug 31;16(8):e0256599. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256599. 
      eCollection 2021.