PMID- 34487749
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220321
LR  - 20221202
IS  - 1096-0260 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-7435 (Print)
IS  - 0091-7435 (Linking)
VI  - 153
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - E-cigarette initiation predicts subsequent academic performance among youth: 
      Results from the PATH Study.
PG  - 106781
LID - S0091-7435(21)00350-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106781 [doi]
AB  - Research shows cigarette smoking is associated with lower academic performance 
      among youth. This study examines how initiating e-cigarette use is associated 
      with subsequent academic performance. Data from Waves 2-4 youth and parent 
      surveys of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were 
      analyzed. Youth (12-15 years old) who reported never using any tobacco products 
      at Wave 2 were included in the analysis (n = 4960). Initiation of e-cigarettes 
      and cigarettes was assessed at Wave 3. Weighted multivariable linear regression 
      models were tested to assess the association between e-cigarette and cigarette 
      initiation at Wave 3 and academic performance at Wave 4, controlling for 
      covariates at Wave 2. At Wave 3, 4.3% and 1.9% of youth initiated e-cigarette and 
      cigarette use, respectively. Youth who initiated e-cigarette use at Wave 3 had 
      lower academic performance at Wave 4, compared to those who did not initiate 
      e-cigarette use (adjusted regression coefficient [ARC] -0.22, 95% confidence 
      interval [CI] -0.43, -0.02). Initiating cigarettes was also associated with lower 
      academic performance (ARC -0.51, 95% CI -0.84, -0.18). Results indicate that 
      e-cigarette use initiation is associated with lower subsequent academic 
      performance, independent from the association between cigarette use initiation 
      and lower academic performance among U.S. youth. Future research needs to examine 
      whether preventing youth e-cigarette and cigarette use can lead to improvement in 
      academic performance.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Dearfield, Craig T
AU  - Dearfield CT
AD  - The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America. 
      Electronic address: cdearfield@gwu.edu.
FAU - Chen-Sankey, Julia C
AU  - Chen-Sankey JC
AD  - Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health 
      Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
FAU - McNeel, Timothy S
AU  - McNeel TS
AD  - Information Management Services, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America.
FAU - Bernat, Debra H
AU  - Bernat DH
AD  - The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America.
FAU - Choi, Kelvin
AU  - Choi K
AD  - Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health 
      Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
LA  - eng
GR  - K99 CA242589/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R00 CA242589/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA MD000006/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20210903
PL  - United States
TA  - Prev Med
JT  - Preventive medicine
JID - 0322116
SB  - IM
MH  - *Academic Performance
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - *Cigarette Smoking/epidemiology
MH  - *Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Tobacco Products
MH  - *Vaping/epidemiology
PMC - PMC8595658
MID - NIHMS1741986
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Academic achievement
OT  - Adolescents
OT  - E-cigarettes
OT  - Longitudinal analysis
OT  - Tobacco initiation
COIS- Financial Disclosures: The remaining authors have no financial relationships 
      relevant to this article to disclose. Conflict of Interest: The other authors 
      have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Declaration of interests The authors 
      declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal 
      relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this 
      paper.
EDAT- 2021/09/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/03/22 06:00
PMCR- 2022/12/01
CRDT- 2021/09/06 20:10
PHST- 2021/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/09/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/03/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/06 20:10 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0091-7435(21)00350-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106781 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Prev Med. 2021 Dec;153:106781. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106781. Epub 2021 Sep 3.