PMID- 34496328
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210928
LR  - 20210928
IS  - 1879-1514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0166-445X (Linking)
VI  - 239
DP  - 2021 Oct
TI  - Effects of cyclophosphamide on antioxidative and immune functions of Nile tilapia 
      (Oreochromis Niloticus) via the TLR-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
PG  - 105956
LID - S0166-445X(21)00215-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105956 [doi]
AB  - Intensive aquaculture often results in immunosuppression in fish, which may cause 
      a series of diseases. In this study, to investigate the immunosuppressive 
      mechanisms in fish, tilapia were intrapleural injected cyclophosphamide (CTX) at 
      the doses of 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg.kg(-1) to induce immunosuppression. We 
      determined the viability of immune cells, the content of lysozyme (LZM) and 
      immunoglobulin M (IgM), the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant 
      parameters. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of complement C3 (c3), igm and the genes 
      associated with the TLR-NF-kappaB signaling pathway in the head kidney (HK) and 
      spleen were also determined. The results showed that CTX had a significant 
      cytotoxic effect on peripheral blood leukocytes, HK macrophages and spleen cells 
      in a dose-dependent manner. The protein and mRNA levels of C3 and IgM were 
      down-regulated with the increase of CTX concentrations in serum, HK and/or 
      spleen. The NO and LZM contents decreased significantly in HK and spleen after 
      CTX treatments with 75 and 100 mg.kg(-1). CTX treatments with 50, 75 and/or 100 
      mg.kg(-1) markedly decreased the antioxidant ability and enhanced lipid 
      peroxidation in HK and spleen. Furthermore, qPCR data showed that CTX treatments 
      with 50-100 mg.kg(-1) clearly down-regulated the mRNA levels of tlr2, myd88, 
      irak1, traf6, nfkappab1, nfkappab2, il-6, il-10 and tnf-alpha in the HK and/or spleen. 
      Overall results suggested that CTX treatment had a cytotoxic effect on immune 
      cells, induced lipid peroxidation, decreased the antioxidant capacity and 
      inhibited immune function. The immunosuppressive mechanisms of CTX may be 
      associated with the TLR-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Cao, Li-Ping
AU  - Cao LP
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China.
FAU - Du, Jin-Liang
AU  - Du JL
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China.
FAU - Jia, Rui
AU  - Jia R
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China.
FAU - Ding, Wei-Dong
AU  - Ding WD
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China.
FAU - Xu, Pao
AU  - Xu P
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China.
FAU - Yin, Guo-Jun
AU  - Yin GJ
AD  - Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, 
      Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, 
      Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, wuxi 214081, China; International Joint 
      Research Laboratory for Fish immunopharmacology, Chinese Academy of Fishery 
      Sciences, wuxi 2140814, China. Electronic address: yingj@ffrc.cn.
FAU - Zhang, Ting
AU  - Zhang T
AD  - The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical 
      University, Wuxi 214002, China. Electronic address: zhangting040715@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210828
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Aquat Toxicol
JT  - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
JID - 8500246
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 8N3DW7272P (Cyclophosphamide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antioxidants
MH  - *Cichlids/metabolism
MH  - Cyclophosphamide/toxicity
MH  - *Fish Diseases
MH  - Immunity
MH  - NF-kappa B/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cyclophosphamide
OT  - Immunosuppression
OT  - Oreochromis niloticus
OT  - TLR-NF-kappaB signaling pathway
EDAT- 2021/09/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2021/09/08 20:08
PHST- 2021/05/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/08/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/08 20:08 [entrez]
AID - S0166-445X(21)00215-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105956 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aquat Toxicol. 2021 Oct;239:105956. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105956. Epub 2021 
      Aug 28.