PMID- 34509713
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220218
LR  - 20220218
IS  - 2300-732X (Electronic)
IS  - 1642-431X (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Dec
TI  - Interplay of KNDy and nNOS neurons: A new possible mechanism of GnRH secretion in 
      the adult brain.
PG  - 100558
LID - S1642-431X(21)00079-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100558 [doi]
AB  - Reproduction in mammals is favoured when there is sufficient energy available to 
      permit the survival of offspring. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase expressing 
      neurons produce nitric oxide in the proximity of the gonadotropin-releasing 
      hormone neurons in the preoptic region. nNOS neurons are an integral part of the 
      neuronal network controlling ovarian cyclicity and ovulation. Nitric oxide can 
      directly regulate the activity of the GnRH neurons and play a vital role 
      neuroendocrine axis. Kisspeptin neurons are essential for the GnRH pulse and 
      surge generation. The anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), kisspeptin 
      neurons are essential for GnRH surge generation. KNDy neurons are present in the 
      hypothalamus's arcuate nucleus (ARC), co-express NKB and dynorphin, essential for 
      GnRH pulse generation. Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) neuroendocrine 
      molecules of the hypothalamus are key components in the central control of GnRH 
      secretion. The hypothalamic neurons kisspeptin, KNDy, nitric oxide synthase 
      (NOS), and other mediators such as leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin, play an 
      active role in attaining puberty. Kisspeptin signalling is mediated by NOS, which 
      further results in the secretion of GnRH. Neuronal nitric oxide is critical for 
      attaining puberty, but its direct role in adult GnRH secretion is poorly 
      understood. This review mainly focuses on the role of nNOS and its interplay with 
      KNDy neurons in the hormonal regulation of reproduction.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Society for Biology of Reproduction & the Institute of Animal 
      Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn. 
      Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Prashar, Vikash
AU  - Prashar V
AD  - Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University 
      Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
FAU - Arora, Tania
AU  - Arora T
AD  - Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University 
      Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
FAU - Singh, Randeep
AU  - Singh R
AD  - Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University 
      Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
FAU - Sharma, Arti
AU  - Sharma A
AD  - Department of Computational Biology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, 
      Central University Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India.
FAU - Parkash, Jyoti
AU  - Parkash J
AD  - Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University 
      Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India. Electronic address: 
      jyoti.parkash@cup.edu.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210909
PL  - Poland
TA  - Reprod Biol
JT  - Reproductive biology
JID - 101160559
RN  - 0 (Kisspeptins)
RN  - 33515-09-2 (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Aging
MH  - Animals
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*physiology
MH  - Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kisspeptins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Neurons/*metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/genetics/*metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GnRH
OT  - KNDy
OT  - Kisspeptin
OT  - NKB
OT  - nNOS
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no declarations of interest.
EDAT- 2021/09/13 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/19 06:00
CRDT- 2021/09/12 20:46
PHST- 2021/02/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/08/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/12 20:46 [entrez]
AID - S1642-431X(21)00079-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100558 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Reprod Biol. 2021 Dec;21(4):100558. doi: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100558. Epub 2021 
      Sep 9.