PMID- 34513536
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210914
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 9
DP  - 2021 Sep
TI  - Diagnostic Scores and Treatment Options for Acute Disseminated Intravascular 
      Coagulation in Children.
PG  - e17682
LID - 10.7759/cureus.17682 [doi]
LID - e17682
AB  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a thrombo-hemorrhagic condition 
      that commonly accompanies life-threatening illnesses in children and is 
      associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment of underlying 
      conditions, hemodynamic support, and replacement therapy with blood components is 
      the mainstay of DIC management. Limited research studies have supported the use 
      of antithrombin (AT), recombinant thrombomodulin (rTM), and protein C 
      concentrates (PrCC). Although there have been several studies and advancements in 
      the DIC treatment in adults, data in pediatric patients are limited, and the 
      consensus is lacking. Evidence validating the use of diagnostic scoring systems 
      in the pediatric population is also limited. Since the hemostatic system differs 
      significantly in children, especially in neonates, management of DIC is also 
      different in children from that of adults, and there is a dire need for good 
      quality research studies in this aspect. We reviewed more than 100 articles in 
      PubMed, Cochrane database, and Google Scholar. This traditional review article 
      discusses different scoring systems for diagnosing DIC in pediatric patients, and 
      different pharmacological treatment options for acute DIC in this population. 
      This study mainly focuses on papers published from 1990 to 2021 and includes 
      papers in all languages involving humans only.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021, Kunwar et al.
FAU - Kunwar, Saru
AU  - Kunwar S
AD  - Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & 
      Psychology, California, USA.
FAU - Alam, Mohammad
AU  - Alam M
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Ezekwueme, Francis
AU  - Ezekwueme F
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Yasir, Muhammad
AU  - Yasir M
AD  - Emergency Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & 
      Psychology, California, USA.
FAU - Lawrence, Jannel A
AU  - Lawrence JA
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Shah, Sunil
AU  - Shah S
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      California, USA.
FAU - Gordon, Domonick K
AU  - Gordon DK
AD  - Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, 
      California, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210903
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC8415803
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - children
OT  - diagnosis
OT  - dic
OT  - disseminated intravascular coagulation
OT  - pediatric
OT  - scoring system
OT  - treatment
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/09/14 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/14 06:01
PMCR- 2021/09/03
CRDT- 2021/09/13 06:52
PHST- 2021/06/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/13 06:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/09/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.17682 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2021 Sep 3;13(9):e17682. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17682. eCollection 2021 Sep.