PMID- 34513946
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210914
IS  - 2297-055X (Print)
IS  - 2297-055X (Electronic)
IS  - 2297-055X (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2021
TI  - The Effects of Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Exposures on Lipid Profile and 
      Inflammation in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome.
PG  - 700826
LID - 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700826 [doi]
LID - 700826
AB  - Background: Patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) tend to suffer from 
      comorbidities, and are often simultaneously affected by obesity, dysglycemia, 
      hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This syndrome can be reversed if it is timely 
      diagnosed and treated with a combination of risk factors-reducing lifestyle 
      changes and a tailored pharmacological plan. Interval hypoxic-hyperoxic training 
      (IHHT) has been shown as an effective program in reducing cardiovascular risk 
      factors in patients with MS even in the absence of exercise. However, the 
      influence of IHHT on the lipid profile and inflammation in this clinical 
      population remains relatively unknown. Methods: A prospective, single-center, 
      randomized controlled trial was conducted on 65 (33 men) patients with MS aged 
      29-74 years, who were randomly allocated to the IHHT or control (sham) 
      experimental groups. The IHHT group completed a 3-week, 5 days/week intermittent 
      exposure to hypoxia and hyperoxia. The control (sham) group followed the same 
      protocol but was breathing room air instead. The primary endpoints were the lipid 
      profile (concentrations of total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], 
      high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and triglycerides [TG]) and the inflammatory 
      factors such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), galectin-3, heat 
      shock proteins (Hsp70). The secondary endpoints were alanine aminotransferase 
      (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), N-terminal pro-hormone of brain 
      natriuretic peptide level (NTproBNP), transforming growth factor beta-1 
      (TGF-beta1), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), and nitric oxide 
      synthase 2 (NOS2). Results: There were no differences between the two groups but 
      the different baseline values have affected these results. The IHHT group 
      demonstrated pre-post decrease in total cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL (p = 0.001), 
      and TG levels (p = 0.001). We have also found a decrease in the CRP-hs (p = 
      0.015) and Hsp70 (p = 0.006) in IHHT-group after intervention, and a significant 
      decrease in pre-post (delta) differences of NTproBNP (p < 0.0001) in the IHHT 
      group compared to the control group. In addition, the patients of the IHHT group 
      showed a statistically significant decrease in pre-post differences of ALT and 
      AST levels in comparison with the control group (p = 0.001). No significant IHHT 
      complications or serious adverse events were observed. Conclusions: The IHHT 
      appears to improve lipid profile and anti-inflammatory status. It is a safe, 
      well-tolerated procedure, and could be recommended as an auxiliary treatment in 
      patients suffering from MS, however, the experiment results were limited by the 
      baseline group differences. Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, 
      identifier [NCT04791397]. Evaluation of the effect of IHHT on vascular stiffness 
      and elasticity of the liver tissue in patients with MS.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Afina, Oleg, Alexander, Ines, Alexander Yu, Nikita, Denis, 
      Daria, Zhang, Chavdar, Dmitriy, Elena, Irina and Philippe Yu.
FAU - Afina, A Bestavashvili
AU  - Afina AB
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Oleg, S Glazachev
AU  - Oleg SG
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Alexander, A Bestavashvili
AU  - Alexander AB
AD  - Department of Facultative Therapy, A.I. Nesterov of Medical Faculty, Pirogov 
      Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Ines, Dhif
AU  - Ines D
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Alexander Yu, Suvorov
AU  - Alexander Yu S
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Nikita, V Vorontsov
AU  - Nikita VV
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Denis, S Tuter
AU  - Denis ST
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Daria, G Gognieva
AU  - Daria GG
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Zhang, Yong
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of 
      Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, 
      Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
FAU - Chavdar, S Pavlov
AU  - Chavdar SP
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Dmitriy, V Glushenkov
AU  - Dmitriy VG
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Elena, A Sirkina
AU  - Elena AS
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Irina, V Kaloshina
AU  - Irina VK
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Philippe Yu, Kopylov
AU  - Philippe Yu K
AD  - Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. 
      Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 
      Russia.
AD  - World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", I. 
      M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04791397
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20210827
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Cardiovasc Med
JT  - Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
JID - 101653388
PMC - PMC8429814
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anti-inflammatory action
OT  - cholesterol
OT  - high density lipoprotein
OT  - inflammation
OT  - intermittent hypoxic training
OT  - low density lipopoprotein
OT  - metabolic syndrome
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/09/14 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/14 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/09/13 06:56
PHST- 2021/04/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/07/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/13 06:56 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/09/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700826 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Aug 27;8:700826. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700826. 
      eCollection 2021.