PMID- 34518466
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220504
LR  - 20220504
IS  - 1423-0399 (Electronic)
IS  - 0042-1138 (Linking)
VI  - 106
IP  - 5
DP  - 2022
TI  - Flexible Ureterorenoscopy under Spinal Anesthesia: Focus on Technique, Results, 
      Complications, and Patients' Satisfaction from a Large Series.
PG  - 455-460
LID - 10.1159/000518159 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Although spinal anesthesia (SA) may reduce postoperative morbidity, 
      most urologists perform flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) under general anesthesia 
      (GA). The objective of our study is to provide technical details, results, 
      complications, and patients' satisfaction with fURS performed under exclusive SA. 
      METHODS: We analyzed all consecutive fURS performed under SA to treat renal 
      stones from March 2011 to February 2017. Details of technique, operative time, 
      outcomes, need for further treatments, complications, and patients' satisfaction 
      were evaluated. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty-four fURS under SA were considered. 
      SA was performed through L2-L3 vertebral interspace in 64.1%. Patients were 
      discharged the same day of surgery. Mean stone burden was 13.5 +/- 6.6 mm and mean 
      operative time 76.9 +/- 34.6 min. Single-procedure SFR was 69.7%. Further 
      treatments were performed in 22.8%. 96.6% had no anesthesia-related 
      complications. No Clavien-Dindo grade >/= IIIb complications were noticed. 99.6% of 
      patients were satisfied with SA. No cases of conversion from SA to GA occurred. 
      CONCLUSION: fURS can be performed safely and efficiently under SA, taking into 
      account a few details of the technique. Patients' satisfaction with SA is very 
      high, and complications are rare. Although SA is usually adopted in unfit 
      patients for GA, it may be considered as a viable alternative in fit patients.
CI  - (c) 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Bosio, Andrea
AU  - Bosio A
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Alessandria, Eugenio
AU  - Alessandria E
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Vitiello, Federico
AU  - Vitiello F
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Vercelli, Eugenia
AU  - Vercelli E
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Agosti, Simone
AU  - Agosti S
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
FAU - Gontero, Paolo
AU  - Gontero P
AD  - Department of Urology, Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Molinette University 
      Hospital, Turin, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210908
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Urol Int
JT  - Urologia internationalis
JID - 0417373
SB  - IM
MH  - *Anesthesia, Spinal/adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Kidney Calculi/etiology/surgery
MH  - Male
MH  - Patient Satisfaction
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Ureteroscopy/adverse effects/methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Kidney calculi
OT  - Nephrolithiasis
OT  - RIRS
OT  - Spinal anesthesia
OT  - Technique
OT  - URS
OT  - Ureteroscopy
OT  - Urinary calculi
OT  - Urolithiasis
EDAT- 2021/09/15 06:00
MHDA- 2022/05/06 06:00
CRDT- 2021/09/14 05:57
PHST- 2021/01/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/06/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/05/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/14 05:57 [entrez]
AID - 000518159 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000518159 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Urol Int. 2022;106(5):455-460. doi: 10.1159/000518159. Epub 2021 Sep 8.