PMID- 34536743
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220221
LR  - 20220221
IS  - 1878-1705 (Electronic)
IS  - 1567-5769 (Linking)
VI  - 100
DP  - 2021 Nov
TI  - Identification of a novel immune-related prognostic signature associated with 
      tumor microenvironment for breast cancer.
PG  - 108122
LID - S1567-5769(21)00758-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108122 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: In the view that immune-related genes play a crucial role in breast 
      cancer progression and long-term patient outcomes, we aimed to identify a novel 
      gene signature based on immune-related genes to improve the prognostic prediction 
      of breast cancer. METHODS: RNA sequencing data and clinical information were 
      obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Univariate and multivariate Cox 
      regression analyses were conducted to establish the immune-related prognostic 
      signature (IRPS). Then, the IRPS was validated by Kaplan-Meier analyses, 
      time-dependent ROC curve analyses and multivariate Cox regression analyses. 
      External validation was conducted in GSE96058. Nomogram combining IRPS with 
      clinical factors was developed and then validated by time-dependent ROC curve 
      analyses and calibration plots. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 
      (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the expression level of immune-related genes 
      in tumor and normal tissues. RESULTS: The IRPS based on 4 immune-related genes 
      (CCL1, VGF, TSLP, FABP9) were constructed. Patients in the low-risk group had 
      significantly better overall survival than those in the high-risk group 
      (p = 0.0011 in the training set, p = 0.0043 in the validation set, p < 0.0001 in 
      the entire set, p < 0.001 in the external validation set). Multivariate analyses 
      indicated that IRPS could independently predict OS in the training set (HR, 0.48; 
      95% CI, 0.24-0.83; p = 0.009), validation set (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.90; 
      p = 0.018), entire set (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.36-0.75; p < 0.001) and external 
      validation set (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.59-0.92, p = 0.007). Sequentially, we 
      establish a nomogram by integrating IRPS and clinical factors, which showed 
      satisfactory predictive performance with 3-year, 5-year, 10-year AUC of 0.701, 
      0.706 and 0.694. Results of qRT-PCR validated that higher expression level of 
      FABP9, CCL1 and VGF and lower expression level of TSLP in tumor samples compared 
      to normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, a four-gene based IRPS was 
      developed and validated for patients with breast cancer. As an independent and 
      robust predictor, the IRPS was constructive to risk stratification of breast 
      cancer.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ding, Shuning
AU  - Ding S
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China.
FAU - Sun, Xi
AU  - Sun X
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China.
FAU - Zhu, Li
AU  - Zhu L
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China.
FAU - Li, Yafen
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China.
FAU - Chen, Weiguo
AU  - Chen W
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China.
FAU - Shen, Kunwei
AU  - Shen K
AD  - Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin 
      Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, 
      China. Electronic address: kwshen@medmail.com.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210915
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Int Immunopharmacol
JT  - International immunopharmacology
JID - 100965259
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biomarkers, Tumor
MH  - Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Transcriptome
MH  - Tumor Microenvironment/*genetics/*immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Breast cancer
OT  - Gene signature
OT  - Immune system
OT  - Prognosis
OT  - Survival
EDAT- 2021/09/19 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/22 06:00
CRDT- 2021/09/18 20:20
PHST- 2021/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/08/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/08/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/18 20:20 [entrez]
AID - S1567-5769(21)00758-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108122 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Nov;100:108122. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108122. Epub 
      2021 Sep 15.