PMID- 34559200 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20220315 LR - 20220323 IS - 1537-6591 (Electronic) IS - 1058-4838 (Print) IS - 1058-4838 (Linking) VI - 74 IP - Suppl_1 DP - 2022 Jan 20 TI - Prematurity Modifies the Risk of Long-term Neurodevelopmental Impairments After Invasive Group B Streptococcus Infections During Infancy in Denmark and the Netherlands. PG - S44-S53 LID - 10.1093/cid/ciab774 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Preterm birth and neonatal infections are both associated with mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairments (NDIs). We examined whether the effect of invasive group B Streptococcus disease (iGBS) on mortality and long-term NDI differs for preterm and term infants, and whether co-occurrence of iGBS and prematurity leads to worse outcome. METHODS: Nationwide cohort studies of children with a history of iGBS were conducted using Danish and Dutch medical databases. Comparison cohorts of children without iGBS were matched on birth year/month, sex, and gestational age. Effects of iGBS on all-cause mortality and NDI were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression. Effect modification by prematurity was evaluated on additive and multiplicative scales. RESULTS: We identified 487 preterm and 1642 term children with a history of iGBS and 21 172 matched comparators. Dutch preterm children exposed to iGBS had the highest mortality rate by 3 months of age (671/1000 [95% CI, 412-929/1000] person-years). Approximately 30% of this mortality rate could be due to the common effect of iGBS and prematurity. Preterm children with iGBS had the highest NDI risk (8.8% in Denmark, 9.0% in the Netherlands). Of this NDI risk 36% (Denmark) and 60% (the Netherlands) might be due to the combined effect of iGBS and prematurity. CONCLUSIONS: Prematurity is associated with iGBS development. Our study shows that it also negatively impacts outcomes of children who survive iGBS. Preterm infants would benefit from additional approaches to prevent maternal GBS colonization, as this decreases risk of both preterm birth and iGBS. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. FAU - Horvath-Puho, Erzsebet AU - Horvath-Puho E AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark. FAU - Snoek, Linde AU - Snoek L AD - Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - van Kassel, Merel N AU - van Kassel MN AD - Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Goncalves, Bronner P AU - Goncalves BP AD - Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Chandna, Jaya AU - Chandna J AD - Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Procter, Simon R AU - Procter SR AD - Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - van de Beek, Diederik AU - van de Beek D AD - Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - de Gier, Brechje AU - de Gier B AD - Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. FAU - van der Ende, Arie AU - van der Ende A AD - Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. AD - Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Sorensen, Henrik T AU - Sorensen HT AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark. FAU - Lawn, Joy E AU - Lawn JE AD - Maternal, Adolescent, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. AD - Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Bijlsma, Merijn W AU - Bijlsma MW AD - Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. AD - Department of Paediatrics, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. CN - GBS Danish and Dutch Collaborative Group for Long-term Outcomes LA - eng GR - MR/S004971/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine/ GR - Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation/ PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Clin Infect Dis JT - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JID - 9203213 SB - IM MH - Child MH - Denmark/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - *Infant, Premature MH - Netherlands/epidemiology MH - *Premature Birth/epidemiology MH - Streptococcus agalactiae PMC - PMC8775650 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Streptococcus agalactiae OT - effect modification OT - gestational age OT - group B Streptococcus OT - neurodevelopmental impairment FIR - Sorensen, Henrik T IR - Sorensen HT FIR - Horvath-Puho, Erzsebet IR - Horvath-Puho E FIR - Sogaard, Kirstine K IR - Sogaard KK FIR - van de Beek, Diederik IR - van de Beek D FIR - Bijlsma, Merijn W IR - Bijlsma MW FIR - van Kassel, Merel N IR - van Kassel MN FIR - Snoek, Linde IR - Snoek L FIR - de Gier, Brechje IR - de Gier B FIR - van der Ende, Arie IR - van der Ende A FIR - Hahne, Susan J M IR - Hahne SJM EDAT- 2021/09/25 06:00 MHDA- 2022/03/16 06:00 PMCR- 2021/11/03 CRDT- 2021/09/24 12:18 PHST- 2021/09/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2022/03/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/24 12:18 [entrez] PHST- 2021/11/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 6375010 [pii] AID - ciab774 [pii] AID - 10.1093/cid/ciab774 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Jan 20;74(Suppl_1):S44-S53. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab774.