PMID- 34584464
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220427
IS  - 1179-142X (Print)
IS  - 1179-142X (Electronic)
IS  - 1179-142X (Linking)
VI  - 14
DP  - 2021
TI  - Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.
PG  - 643-648
LID - 10.2147/IMCRJ.S334362 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an autoimmune, 
      astrocytopathic CNS disease, mainly involving the optic nerves, spinal cord, and 
      brain stem regions. The "International Panel for NMOSD Diagnosis (IPND) 
      Diagnostic Criteria" was implemented to define the disorder. CASE PRESENTATION: A 
      38-year-old patient presented with visual loss of eight months' duration and 
      weakness of the lower extremities of one week's duration. The patient had 
      bilateral optic atrophy on fundoscopic examination, and flaccid paraplegia with 
      sensory loss below T4 level. Serological tests for syphilis, HIV infection, and 
      SLE were negative. Aquaporin-4 antibody test was not done due to limited clinical 
      setup. T2-spine MRI revealed long central thoracic segment (T3 to T6) 
      hyperintense lesion with mild cord expansion. Long segment central canal dilation 
      (syrinx) was noted in the cord proximal to the lesion. Diagnosis of opticospinal 
      variant, NMOSD was made using IPND diagnostic criteria. The patient was started 
      on dexamethasone 50 mg, IV, four times daily (QID) for one week, and changed to 
      prednisolone 1 mg/kg (40 mg) PO daily for one month, to be tapered over 
      three-to-six months. The patient was scheduled to initiate azathioprine 50 mg PO 
      twice daily. CONCLUSION: The case emphasizes the existence of neuromyelitis 
      optica spectrum disorder in clinical settings of the developing world. High index 
      of suspicion of this rare disease is required to avoid delayed diagnosis and 
      treatment.
CI  - (c) 2021 Yaregal et al.
FAU - Yaregal, Samson
AU  - Yaregal S
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 
      University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
FAU - Bekele, Nebiyu
AU  - Bekele N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7113-3324
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 
      University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
FAU - Gebrewold, Yonathan
AU  - Gebrewold Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0227-9669
AD  - Department of Radiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of 
      Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
FAU - Tadesse, Abilo
AU  - Tadesse A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3966-4969
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, 
      University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20210921
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Int Med Case Rep J
JT  - International medical case reports journal
JID - 101566269
PMC - PMC8464318
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Northwest Ethiopia
OT  - neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
COIS- The authors declare no potential conflict of interest with respect to the 
      research, authorship or publication of the article.
EDAT- 2021/09/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/30 06:01
PMCR- 2021/09/21
CRDT- 2021/09/29 06:52
PHST- 2021/08/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/09/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/09/29 06:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/09/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/30 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 334362 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/IMCRJ.S334362 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int Med Case Rep J. 2021 Sep 21;14:643-648. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S334362. 
      eCollection 2021.